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she is (as) hard as nails

Толкование Перевод

1 as hard as nails

1. железный (о сильном человеке); выносливый
The soldier was as hard as nails.

It's amazing! Sally works so hard but she never complains! — She's just as hard as nails.
2. черствый, безжалостный
He won't do you any harm. — My stepmother might. She's ignorant, but she's as hard as nails and pretty sly.

Англо-русский словарь идиом и фразовых глаголов > as hard as nails
2 hard

hard [hɑ:d]

dur ⇒ 1 (a)-(c), 2 (a) difficile ⇒ 1 (b) froid ⇒ 1 (c) rude ⇒ 1 (c) concret ⇒ 1 (d) fort ⇒ 2 (a) difficilement ⇒ 2 (b) durement ⇒ 2 (c)

1 adjective

(a) (not soft → substance, light, colour) dur;

∎ to get or to become hard durcir;

∎ rock hard, (as) hard as rock dur comme la pierre;

∎ his muscles are rock hard or (as) hard as rock ses muscles sont durs comme le fer, il a des muscles d'acier;

∎ she is (as) hard as nails (emotionally) elle est dure, elle n'a pas de cœur; (physically) c'est une dure à cuire

(b) (difficult → question, problem etc) difficile, dur;

∎ the laws make it hard to leave the country à cause des lois, il est difficile de quitter le pays;

∎ to have a hard fight or struggle on one's hands avoir une lourde tâche devant soi;

∎ it's hard to explain c'est difficile ou dur à expliquer;

∎ I find it hard to understand/believe that... je n'arrive pas à comprendre pourquoi/croire que...;

∎ it's hard to say c'est difficile à dire;

∎ he's hard to get on with il n'est pas facile à vivre;

∎ she is hard to please (never satisfied) elle est difficile; (difficult to buy gifts for etc) c'est difficile de lui faire plaisir;

∎ it's hard to beat on trouve difficilement mieux;

∎ it's hard to beat a good Bordeaux il n'y a rien de meilleur qu'un bon bordeaux;

∎ the hardest part of the job is done le plus dur est fait;

∎ life is hard c'est dur, la vie;

∎ times are hard les temps sont durs ou difficiles;

∎ these are hard times for all of us c'est une période difficile pour tout le monde;

∎ to fall on hard times (financially) connaître des temps difficiles ou une période de vaches maigres; (have difficult times) connaître des temps difficiles, en voir de dures;

∎ to give sb a hard time en faire voir de dures à qn;

∎ the boss has just been giving me a hard time le patron vient de me faire passer un mauvais quart d'heure;

∎ come on, don't give me a hard time! allez, laisse-moi tranquille!;

∎ you'll have a hard time (of it) persuading him to do that tu vas avoir du mal à le convaincre de faire cela;

∎ she had a hard time of it after her mother's death elle a traversé une période difficile après la mort de sa mère;

∎ she had a hard time of it when she was a child la vie n'était pas drôle pour elle quand elle était enfant;

∎ she had a hard time of it (in childbirth, operation) elle a souffert;

∎ to learn sth the hard way (involving personal loss, suffering etc) apprendre qch à ses dépens; (in a difficult way) faire le rude apprentissage de qch;

∎ I learnt the hard way not to be underinsured j'ai appris à mes dépens qu'il ne faut pas être sous-assuré;

∎ I learnt skiing the hard way j'ai appris à skier à la dure;

∎ I learnt my seamanship the hard way j'ai fait le rude apprentissage du métier de marin;

∎ to do things the hard way (through choice) se compliquer la vie; (due to circumstances) en baver;

∎ some people always have to do things the hard way il y a des gens qui choisissent toujours la difficulté;

∎ to play hard to get (flirt) jouer les insaisissables;

∎ humorous their financial expert is playing hard to get leur expert financier semble jouer à cache-cache;

∎ the hard of hearing les malentendants mpl;

∎ to be hard of hearing être dur d'oreille;

∎ a glass of wine, or would you prefer a drop of the hard stuff? un verre de vin, ou bien préféreriez-vous une goutte de quelque chose de plus fort?;

∎ keep off the hard stuff évitez les boissons fortes

(c) (severe → voice, face, eyes) dur, froid; (→ climate, winter) rigoureux, rude; (→ frost) fort, rude;

∎ he's hard (tough) c'est un dur;

∎ to be hard on sb être dur avec qn;

∎ children are hard on their shoes les enfants font subir de mauvais traitements à leurs chaussures;

∎ it's hard on the nerves c'est dur pour les nerfs;

∎ it was hard on the others ça a été dur pour les autres;

∎ it's hardest on the children le plus dur, c'est pour les enfants;

∎ to be a hard taskmaster être dur à la tâche;

∎ to take a long hard look at sth examiner qch de près;

∎ you should take a long hard look at yourself tu devrais bien te regarder;

∎ it's a hard blow for him c'est un coup terrible pour lui;

∎ no hard feelings? tu ne m'en veux pas?;

∎ familiar hard luck!, British hard cheese!, hard lines! pas de chance!^□, pas de veine!, pas de bol!;

∎ it will be hard luck if he doesn't get the job ça ne sera pas de veine ou de bol s'il n'obtient pas le travail;

∎ don't give me any of your hard luck stories ne me raconte pas tes malheurs;

∎ he gave me some hard luck story about having lost his investments il a essayé de m'apitoyer en me racontant qu'il avait perdu l'argent qu'il avait investi;

∎ familiar a hard nut or man un dur

(d) (concrete → facts) concret(ète), tangible; (→ evidence) tangible;

∎ the hard fact is that there isn't enough money la vérité, c'est qu'il n'y a pas assez d'argent;

∎ the argument was not backed up by any hard fact l'argument ne s'appuyait sur rien de concret

(e) (strenuous)

∎ it's been a long hard day la journée a été longue;

∎ it's hard work c'est dur;

∎ it was hard work to convince him j'ai eu fort à faire pour le convaincre;

∎ she's hard work (difficult to get on with) elle n'est pas facile à vivre; (difficult to make conversation with) elle n'est pas causante;

∎ she's not afraid of hard work le travail ne lui fait pas peur;

∎ the climb was hard going la montée était rude;

∎ it's hard going making conversation with him c'est difficile de discuter avec lui

(f) (intense)

∎ she's a hard worker c'est un bourreau de travail;

∎ he's a hard drinker c'est un gros buveur, il boit beaucoup;

∎ he's a hard charger c'est un fonceur;

∎ give it a good hard shove pousse-le un bon coup, pousse-le fort

(g) Finance (stock, rates) soutenu, ferme

(h) Linguistics (consonant) dur

2 adverb

(a) (strenuously → pull, push, hit, breathe) fort; (→ work) dur; (→ run) à toutes jambes; (→ listen) attentivement;

∎ to work hard at sth beaucoup travailler qch;

∎ to work hard at improving one's service/French beaucoup travailler pour améliorer son service/français;

∎ to work sb hard faire travailler qn dur;

∎ he works hard and plays hard il se dépense beaucoup dans son travail et dans ses loisirs;

∎ you'll have to try harder il faudra que tu fasses plus d'efforts;

∎ to try hard to do sth essayer de son mieux de faire qch;

∎ try hard! fais de ton mieux!;

∎ to think hard beaucoup réfléchir;

∎ think hard! réfléchis bien!;

∎ think harder! réfléchis un peu plus!;

∎ we can't find it - well, look harder! nous ne le trouvons pas - et bien cherchez mieux!;

∎ you didn't look very hard! tu n'as pas bien cherché;

∎ to look hard at sb regarder qn bien en face;

∎ to look hard at sth examiner qch;

∎ as hard as possible, as hard as one can (work, try) le plus qu'on peut; (push, hit, squeeze) de toutes ses forces;

∎ Nautical hard astern! arrière, toute!;

∎ Cars she hauled the wheel hard over elle a braqué à fond;

∎ Cars to turn hard to the left braquer à gauche, faire un virage très sec vers la gauche;

∎ to swim hard for the shore nager de toutes ses forces vers le rivage;

∎ British they're hard at it (working) ils sont plongés dans leur travail

(b) (with difficulty) difficilement;

∎ to be hard put or pushed or pressed to do sth avoir du mal à faire qch;

∎ you'll be hard put to find a shop open at this time tu vas avoir du mal à trouver une boutique ouverte à cette heure-ci;

∎ old habits die hard les vieilles habitudes ont la vie dure

(c) (harshly, severely → treat someone) durement, sévèrement; (→ rain) à verse; (→ freeze, snow) fort;

∎ he's feeling hard done by il a l'impression d'avoir été injustement traité;

∎ to be hard hit by sth être durement touché par qch;

∎ she took the news/his death pretty hard la nouvelle/sa mort l'a beaucoup éprouvée;

∎ old-fashioned it'll go hard with him if he keeps telling lies ça va aller mal pour lui s'il continue à raconter des mensonges

(d) (solid)

∎ the ground was frozen hard le gel avait complètement durci la terre;

∎ to set hard (concrete, mortar) prendre

(e) (close)

∎ to follow hard on the heels of sb être sur les talons de qn;

∎ to follow or to come hard on the heels of sth suivre qch de très près

(f) familiar (idiom)

∎ hard up (short of money) fauché, à sec;

∎ to be hard up for ideas manquer d'idées^□, être à court d'idées^□ ;

∎ to be hard up for volunteers manquer de volontaires^□ ;

∎ figurative you must be hard up if you're going out with him! il faut vraiment que tu n'aies rien à te mettre sous la dent pour sortir avec lui!

3 noun

∎ to try one's hardest faire de son mieux

4 hard by preposition

old-fashioned tout près de

►► Typography & Computing hard carriage return retour m chariot obligatoire;

familiar hard case (person) dur(e) m,f à cuire;

hard cash (argent m) liquide m;

American hard cider cidre m;

hard coal anthracite m;

Finance hard commodities minerais mpl;

Linguistics hard consonant consonne f dure;

Computing hard copy copie f sur papier, sortie f papier;

hard core (nucleus) noyau m dur; Building industry empierrement m; Music hard rock m inv, hard m inv; (pornography) porno m hard;

British Sport hard court (for tennis) court m en ciment;

hard currency monnaie f ou devise f forte;

∎ a hard currency shop un magasin où on paye en devises;

Computing hard disk disque m dur;

Computing hard disk drive, hard drive unité f de disque dur;

hard drug drogue f dure;

Horseriding hard gallop galop m soutenu;

hard hat (of construction worker) casque m; American familiar (construction worker) ouvrier(ère) m,f du bâtiment;

hard hat area = zone où le port du casque est obligatoire;

∎ hard hat area (sign) port du casque obligatoire;

Typography & Computing hard hyphen césure f imposée, trait m d'union imposé;

hard labour (UNCOUNT) travaux mpl forcés;

hard landing (by spacecraft) atterrissage m avec impact; figurative (during economic crisis) atterrissage m brutal;

Metallurgy hard lead plomb m aigre;

Politics the hard left l'extrême gauche;

hard line ligne f de conduite dure;

∎ to take a hard line on sb/sth adopter une ligne de conduite dure avec qn/sur qch;

hard liquor spiritueux mpl;

Finance hard loan prêt m aux conditions du marché;

Press hard news nouvelles fpl sûres ou vérifiées;

Veterinary medicine hard pad coussinet m dur;

Typography & Computing hard page break fin f de page obligatoire;

Anatomy hard palate voûte f du palais, palais m dur;

hard porn porno m hard, hard m inv;

Computing hard reset réinitialisation f totale de la machine;

Typography & Computing hard return saut m de ligne manuel;

Politics the hard right l'extrême droit;

Music hard rock hard rock m inv, hard m inv; esp American Cookery hard sauce = sauce au beurre, au sucre et au brandy ou au rhum servie avec le pudding;

hard science science f dure;

hard sell vente f agressive;

∎ to give sth the hard sell promouvoir qch de façon agressive;

∎ the salesman gave us the hard sell le vendeur a essayé de nous forcer la main;

hard sell approach, hard sell tactics méthode f de vente agressive;

Cars hard shoulder bande f d'arrêt d'urgence;

hard space espace m insécable;

hard water eau f calcaire ou dure

✾ Book 'Hard Times' Dickens 'Les Temps difficiles'

Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > hard
3 hard

§ 1.მძიმე, აუტანელი; 2.მაგარი; ძალიან; ბეჯითად

§

1 ძნელი

hard ground / surface / carriage / chair / apple მაგარი გრუნტი / ზედაპირი / ვაგონი / სკამი / ვაშლი

hard liquor მაგარი სასმელი

2 ძნელი სამუშაო / გამოცდა / საქმე

hard work / examination / task ძნელი სამუშაო / გამოცდა / საქმე

it is hard to say ძნელი სათქმელია

it is hard to understand ძნელი გასაგებია

she is hard to please ადვილად ვერ აამებ / გულს ვერ მოუგებ

3 მძიმე, დუხჭირი

hard life / times დუხჭირი ყოფა, ცხოვრება / ჟამი, დრო

hard conditions მძიმე პირობები

4 მკაცრი

a hard father / climate / winter / discipline მკაცრი მამა / ჰავა / ზამთარი / დისციპლინა

he is hard on his son თავის ვაჟს მკაცრად ექცევა

he has a hard heart გულქვა ადამიანია

5 ძლიერი, დიდი

a hard blow ძლიერი დარტყმა

hard frost დიდი / ძლიერი ყინვა

hard of hearing სმენადაქვეითებული

a hard bargain წამგებიანი გარიგება

hard currency მყარი ვალიუტა

hard luck წარუმატებლობა, უიღბლობა

hard labour კატორღა, საკატორღო სამუშაოები

he is hard on his shoes ფეხსაცმელს მალე ცვეთს (?????)

hard cash ნაღდი ფული

to pay in hard ნაღდი ფულის გადახდა

a hard and fast rule / decision ურყევი / მტკიცე წესი // მტკიცე გადაწყვეტილება

he is hard up მატერიალურად / ფული უჭირს

6 ენერგიულად, მაგრად, ძლიერად

he works hard თავგამოდებით მუშაობს

it was raining / snowing / freezing hard მაგრად წვიმდა / თოვდა / ყინავდა

I drank hard yesterday წუხელ მაგრად დავლიე

I tried my hardest ძალან ვეცადე

he was breathing hard მძიმედ სუნთქავდა

she took it very hard მან ეს გულთან ძალიან ახლოს მიიტანა / ძალიან განიცადა

7 ახლოს

the car followed us hard behind მანქანა კუდში მოგვდევდა

she is hard on fifty სადაცაა ორმოცდაათის გახდება

she's hard of hearing ყურს აკლია

his was a hard lot ცუდი ბედი ეწია

hard labour იძულებითი შრომა (ტუსაღისა)

this door needs a hard push ამ კარს მაგარი მიწოლა უნდა

it was a hard pull up the hill გორაზე ასვლა ძნელი იყო

it was raining hard კოკისპირულად წვიმდა

●●she is as hard as nails კაჟივით არის // კერკეტი კაკლია

he studies hard ბევრს მეცადინეობს

he is hard of hearing ყურთ აკლია

he works his wife hard თავის ცოლს ბევრს ამუშავებს

he studied hard, yet he failed ბევრი იმეცადინა, მაგრამ მაინც ჩაიჭრა

he felt hard done by ჩათვალა, რომ ცუდად მოექცნენ

she's a hard nut to crack ჯიუტია, თავისნათქვამაა, ვერ გატეხავ

it will go hard with him ძალიან გაუჭირდება

we tried hard but failed ძალიან ვეცადეთ, მაგრამ მარცხი განვიცადეთ

he works hard to clothe his family ბევრს მუშაობს, რომ ოჯახი ჩაცმული ჰყავდეს

I was allotted a hard task ძნელი საქმე დამაკისრეს

it`s hard, I admit, but it must be done გეთანხმები, რომ ძნელია, მაგრამ უნდა გაკეთდეს

English-Georgian dictionary > hard
4 hard

1. adjective
1) (firm; solid; not easy to break, scratch etc: The ground is too hard to dig.) duro; sólido

2) (not easy to do, learn, solve etc: Is English a hard language to learn?; He is a hard man to please.) difícil

3) (not feeling or showing kindness: a hard master.) severo; rudo; seco

4) ((of weather) severe: a hard winter.) duro, severo, riguroso

5) (having or causing suffering: a hard life; hard times.) duro, difícil

6) ((of water) containing many chemical salts and so not easily forming bubbles when soap is added: The water is hard in this part of the country.) dura

2. adverb
1) (with great effort: He works very hard; Think hard.) duro, con ahínco

2) (with great force; heavily: Don't hit him too hard; It was raining hard.) fuerte, fuertemente

3) (with great attention: He stared hard at the man.) fijamente

4) (to the full extent; completely: The car turned hard right.) completamente, totalmente

•

- harden
- hardness
- hardship
- hard-and-fast
- hard-back
- hard-boiled
- harddisk
- hard-earned
- hard-headed
- hard-hearted
- hardware
- hard-wearing
- be hard on
- hard at it
- hard done by
- hard lines/luck
- hard of hearing
- a hard time of it
- a hard time
- hard up

hard¹ adj

1. duro

diamonds are very hard los diamantes son muy duros

2. difícil

it's hard to answer that question es difícil contestar a esa pregunta

hard² adv

1. mucho

it's snowing hard está nevando mucho

he works very hard trabaja mucho

2. duro / fuerte

hit him hard! ¡pégale duro!

hard

tr[hɑːd]

adjective

1 (gen) duro,-a; (solid) sólido,-a

2 (difficult) difícil

3 (harsh) severo,-a

4 (work) arduo,-a, penoso,-a, agotador,-ra

5 figurative use cruel, rudo,-a

6 (fight, match) reñido,-a, disputado,-a; (decision) injusto,-a

7 (fact) innegable; (luck) malo,-a

8 (final decision) definitivo,-a, irrevocable; (person) severo,-a, inflexible

9 SMALLLINGUISTICS/SMALL fuerte

adverb

1 (forcibly) fuerte; (diligently) mucho, de firme, concienzudamente, con ahínco

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

hard of hearing duro,-a de oído

to be hard done by sentirse mal tratado,-a, ser tratado,-a injustamente

to be hard hit by figurative use quedar muy afectado,-a por

to be hard on somebody figurative use tratar a alguien con severidad, tratar a alguien con dureza

to be hard on somebody's heels figurative use pisar los talones a alguien

to be hard pushed to do something figurative use verse apurado,-a para realizar algo

to be hard up familiar estar sin blanca

to drive a hard bargain figurative use negociar con dureza

to have a hard time familiar pasarlo canutas, pasarlo mal

to take something very hard tomar algo muy a pecho, encajar algo muy mal

to work hard trabajar mucho

hard core (group) núcleo 2 (material) lecho de grava

hard drinker bebedor,-ra empedernido,-a

hard evidence pruebas nombre femenino plural definitivas

hard labour trabajos nombre masculino plural forzados

hard luck mala suerte

hard shoulder arcén nombre masculino

hard ['hɑrd] adv

1) forcefully: fuerte, con fuerza

the wind blew hard: el viento sopló fuerte

2) strenuously: duro, mucho

to work hard: trabajar duro

3)

to take something hard : tomarse algo muy mal, estar muy afectado por algo

hard adj

1) firm, solid: duro, firme, sólido

2) difficult: difícil, arduo

3) severe: severo, duro

a hard winter: un invierno severo

4) unfeeling: insensible, duro

5) diligent: diligente

to be a hard worker: ser muy trabajador

6)

hard liquor : bebidas fpl fuertes

7)

hard water : agua f dura

hard

adj.

• arduo, -a adj.

• calloso, -a adj.

• dificultoso, -a adj.

• difícil adj.

• duro, -a adj.

• endurecido, -a adj.

• firme adj.

• fuerte adj.

• laborioso, -a adj.

• peliagudo, -a adj.

• recio, -a adj.

• rudo, -a adj.

• sólido, -a adj.

• terco, -a adj.

• tieso, -a adj.

adv.

• apretadamente adv.

• difícilmente adv.

• duro adv.

• mucho adv.

• recio adv.

• tieso adv.

I hɑːrd, hɑːd
adjective -er, -est

1)

a) (firm, solid) <object/surface> duro

to set hard — endurecerse*

to freeze hard — helarse*

b) ( forceful) <push/knock> fuerte

2)

a) ( difficult) <question/subject> difícil; < task> arduo

hard to come by — difícil de conseguir

he's hard to please — es difícil de complacer, es exigente

I find that hard to believe — me cuesta creerlo

to learn something the hard way — aprender algo a base de cometer errores

b) ( severe) <winter/climate/master> duro, severo

to give somebody a hard time — hacérselas* pasar mal a alguien

these are hard times we're living in — vivimos tiempos difíciles

don't be too hard on him — no seas demasiado duro con él

hard luck — mala suerte

c) (tough, cynical) <person/attitude> duro, insensible

3) (concentrated, strenuous)

to take a long hard look at something — analizar* seriamente algo

children are very hard work — los niños dan mucho trabajo

he's a hard worker — es muy trabajador

4) ( definite) < evidence> concluyente

5) (sharp, harsh) <light/voice> fuerte; < expression> duro

6)

a) ( in strongest forms)

hard drugs — drogas fpl duras

hard liquor — bebidas fpl (alcohólicas) fuertes

hard porn — porno m duro

b) ( Fin)

hard cash — dinero m contante y sonante, efectivo m

hard currency — divisa f or moneda f fuerte

c) < water> duro

d) ( Ling) <sound/consonant> fuerte

II

adverb -er, -est

1)

a) ( with force) <pull/push> con fuerza; < hit> fuerte

b) ( strenuously) < work> mucho, duro, duramente

I was hard at work — estaba concentrado en mi trabajo

he works his students very hard — hace trabajar mucho a sus alumnos

no matter how hard I try — por más que me esfuerzo

think hard before you decide — piénsalo muy bien antes de decidir

to be hard put o (BrE also) pushed to + inf: you'd be hard put (to it) to find a better doctor — sería difícil encontrar un médico mejor

c) ( intently) < listen> atentamente, con atención

2) ( heavily) <rain/snow> fuerte, mucho; <pant/breathe> pesadamente

3) ( severely)

the southern states have been hardest hit — los estados del sur han sido los más afectados

her death hit him very hard — su muerte fue un duro golpe para él

to take something hard — tomarse algo muy mal

to be/feel hard done by: she thinks she has been o she feels hard done by — piensa que la han tratado injustamente

[hɑːd]
1. ADJ
(compar harder) (superl hardest)
1) (=not soft) [object, substance, cheese, skin] duro; [ground, snow] duro, compacto

• baked hard — endurecido (al sol o en el horno)

• to become or go hard — ponerse duro, endurecerse

• the water is very hard here — aquí el agua es muy dura or tiene mucha cal

- be as hard as nails

- as hard as a rock
nut
2) (=harsh, severe) [climate, winter, person] duro, severo; [frost] fuerte; [words, tone] duro, áspero; [expression, eyes, voice] serio, duro; [drink, liquor] fuerte; [drugs] duro; [fact] concreto; [evidence] irrefutable

• a hard blow — (fig) un duro golpe

• to take a long hard look at sth — examinar algo detenidamente

• to be hard on sb — ser muy duro con algn, darle duro a algn (LAm)

don't be so hard on him, it's not his fault — no seas tan duro con él, no es culpa suya

aren't you being a bit hard on yourself? — ¿no estás siendo un poco duro contigo mismo?

to be hard on one's clothes — destrozar la ropa

the light was hard on the eyes — la luz hacía daño a los ojos

- be as hard as nails
feeling
3) (=strenuous, tough) [work, day] duro; [fight, match] muy reñido

gardening is hard work — arreglar el jardín es un trabajo duro

phew, that was hard work! — ¡uf!, ¡ha costado lo suyo!

he's not afraid of hard work — el trabajo duro no le asusta

coping with three babies is very hard work — tres bebés dan mucha tarea or mucho trabajo, arreglárselas con tres bebés es una dura or ardua tarea

it's hard work getting her to talk about herself — cuesta mucho or resulta muy trabajoso hacerla hablar sobre sí misma

to be a hard worker — ser muy trabajador(a)

4) (=difficult) [exam, decision, choice] difícil

to be hard to do: it's hard to study on your own — es difícil estudiar por tu cuenta

he found it hard to make friends — le resultaba difícil hacer amigos

I find it hard to believe that... — me cuesta (trabajo) creer que...

bloodstains are hard to remove — las manchas de sangre son difíciles de quitar

to be hard to come by — ser difícil de conseguir

that is a very hard question to answer — esa es una pregunta muy difícil de responder

to be hard to deal with — ser de trato difícil

to be hard to please — ser muy exigente or quisquilloso

• to be hard of hearing — ser duro de oído

• he's learning the hard way — está aprendiendo a base de cometer errores

we shall have to do it the hard way — tendremos que hacerlo a pulso
bargain, play 3., 4)
5) (=tough, unpleasant) [life, times] duro

it's a hard life! — ¡qué vida más dura!

those were hard times to live in — aquellos eran tiempos duros, la vida era dura en aquellos tiempos

her family had fallen on hard times — su familia estaba pasando por dificultades económicas

to have a hard time — pasarlo mal

to have a hard time doing sth — tener problemas para hacer algo

to give sb a hard time — hacérselo pasar mal a algn

- take a hard line against/over sth

- hard lines

hard lines! — ¡qué mala suerte!, ¡qué mala pata! *
going, hard-line, hard-liner
6) (=forceful) [push, tug, kick] fuerte

7) (Phon, Ling) [sound] fuerte; [consonant] oclusivo

2. ADV
(compar harder) (superl hardest)
1) (=with a lot of effort) [work] duro, mucho; [study] mucho

he had worked hard all his life — había trabajado duro or mucho toda su vida

he works very hard — trabaja muy duro, trabaja mucho

she works hard at keeping herself fit — se esfuerza mucho por mantenerse en forma

he was hard at work in the garden — estaba trabajando afanosamente or con ahínco en el jardín

• he was breathing hard — respiraba con dificultad

• we're saving hard for our holidays — estamos ahorrando todo lo que podemos para las vacaciones, estamos ahorrando al máximo para las vacaciones

• to try hard, she always tries hard — siempre se esfuerza mucho

I can't do it, no matter how hard I try — no puedo hacerlo, por mucho que lo intente

to try one's hardest to do sth — esforzarse al máximo por hacer algo

maybe you're trying too hard — a lo mejor tienes que tomártelo con más calma

to be hard at it —

Bill was hard at it in the garden * — Bill se estaba empleando a fondo en el jardín, Bill estaba dándole duro al jardín *

2) (=with force) [hit] fuerte, duro; [pull, push, blow] con fuerza; [snow, rain] fuerte, mucho

she pushed the wardrobe as hard as she could — empujó el armario con todas sus fuerzas

• the government decided to clamp down hard on terrorism — el gobierno decidió tomar medidas duras contra el terrorismo

• she was feeling hard done by — pensaba que la habían tratado injustamente

• hard hit — seriamente afectado

to hit sb hard — (fig) ser un duro golpe para algn

California has been (particularly) hard hit by the crisis — California (en particular) se ha visto seriamente afectada por la crisis

• I would be hard pushed or put to think of another plan — me resultaría difícil pensar en otro plan

we'll be hard pushed or put to finish this tonight! — ¡nos va a ser difícil terminar esto esta noche!

• to take sth hard — tomarse algo muy mal *

he took it pretty hard — se lo tomó muy mal, fue un duro golpe para él, le golpeó mucho (LAm)

• to be hard up * — estar pelado *, no tener un duro (Sp) *

to be hard up for sth — estar falto or escaso de algo
hard-pressed
3) (=solid)

• to freeze hard — quedarse congelado

• to set hard — [cement etc] fraguar, endurecerse

4) (=intently) [listen] atentamente; [concentrate] al máximo

• to look hard (at sth) — fijarse mucho (en algo)

• think hard before you make a decision — piénsalo muy bien antes de tomar una decisión

I thought hard but I couldn't remember his name — por más que pensé or por más vueltas que le di no pude recordar su nombre

5) (=sharply)

• hard a-port/ a-starboard — (Naut) todo a babor/estribor

• to turn hard left/ right — girar todo a la izquierda/derecha

6) (=closely)

• hard behind sth — justo detrás de algo

I hurried upstairs with my sister hard behind me — subí las escaleras corriendo con mi hermana que venía justo detrás

• hard upon sth — (=just after) justo después de algo

the launch of the book followed hard upon the success of the film — el lanzamiento del libro se produjo justo después del éxito de la película
heel
3.

CPD

hard cash N — dinero m contante y sonante, (dinero m en) efectivo m

hard centre, hard center (US) N — relleno m duro

hard cider (US) N — sidra f

hard copy N — (Comput) copia f impresa

the hard core N — (=intransigents) los incondicionales, el núcleo duro
hard-core
hard court N — (Tennis) cancha f (de tenis) de cemento, pista f (de tenis) de cemento

hard currency N — moneda f fuerte, divisa f fuerte

hard disk N — (Comput) disco m duro

hard goods NPL — productos mpl no perecederos

hard hat N — (=riding hat) gorra f de montar; [of construction worker] casco m; (=construction worker) albañil mf

hard labour, hard labor (US) N — trabajos mpl forzados

hard landing N — aterrizaje m duro

the hard left N — (esp Brit) la extrema izquierda, la izquierda radical

hard luck N — mala suerte f

we had a bit of hard luck this season — hemos tenido un poco de mala suerte esta temporada

• to be hard luck on sb, it was hard luck on him — tuvo mala suerte

hard luck! — ¡(qué) mala suerte!

hard news N — noticias fpl fidedignas

hard palate N — paladar m

hard porn * N — porno m duro

the hard right N — (esp Brit) la extrema derecha, la derecha radical

hard rock N — (Mus) rock m duro

hard sell N — venta f agresiva

hard sell tactics — táctica fsing de venta agresiva

hard sell techniques — técnicas fpl de venta agresiva

hard shoulder N — (Brit) (Aut) arcén m, hombrillo m

hard stuff * N — (=alcohol) alcohol m duro, bebidas fpl fuertes; (=drugs) droga f dura

he fancied a drop of the hard stuff — le apetecía una copita de algo fuerte

hard top N — (=car) coche m no descapotable; (=car roof) techo m rígido

hard water N — agua f dura, agua f con mucha cal

* * *

I [hɑːrd, hɑːd]
adjective -er, -est

1)

a) (firm, solid) <object/surface> duro

to set hard — endurecerse*

to freeze hard — helarse*

b) ( forceful) <push/knock> fuerte

2)

a) ( difficult) <question/subject> difícil; < task> arduo

hard to come by — difícil de conseguir

he's hard to please — es difícil de complacer, es exigente

I find that hard to believe — me cuesta creerlo

to learn something the hard way — aprender algo a base de cometer errores

b) ( severe) <winter/climate/master> duro, severo

to give somebody a hard time — hacérselas* pasar mal a alguien

these are hard times we're living in — vivimos tiempos difíciles

don't be too hard on him — no seas demasiado duro con él

hard luck — mala suerte

c) (tough, cynical) <person/attitude> duro, insensible

3) (concentrated, strenuous)

to take a long hard look at something — analizar* seriamente algo

children are very hard work — los niños dan mucho trabajo

he's a hard worker — es muy trabajador

4) ( definite) < evidence> concluyente

5) (sharp, harsh) <light/voice> fuerte; < expression> duro

6)

a) ( in strongest forms)

hard drugs — drogas fpl duras

hard liquor — bebidas fpl (alcohólicas) fuertes

hard porn — porno m duro

b) ( Fin)

hard cash — dinero m contante y sonante, efectivo m

hard currency — divisa f or moneda f fuerte

c) < water> duro

d) ( Ling) <sound/consonant> fuerte

II

adverb -er, -est

1)

a) ( with force) <pull/push> con fuerza; < hit> fuerte

b) ( strenuously) < work> mucho, duro, duramente

I was hard at work — estaba concentrado en mi trabajo

he works his students very hard — hace trabajar mucho a sus alumnos

no matter how hard I try — por más que me esfuerzo

think hard before you decide — piénsalo muy bien antes de decidir

to be hard put o (BrE also) pushed to + inf: you'd be hard put (to it) to find a better doctor — sería difícil encontrar un médico mejor

c) ( intently) < listen> atentamente, con atención

2) ( heavily) <rain/snow> fuerte, mucho; <pant/breathe> pesadamente

3) ( severely)

the southern states have been hardest hit — los estados del sur han sido los más afectados

her death hit him very hard — su muerte fue un duro golpe para él

to take something hard — tomarse algo muy mal

to be/feel hard done by: she thinks she has been o she feels hard done by — piensa que la han tratado injustamente

English-spanish dictionary > hard
5 hard

1. adjective
1) hart; stark, heftig [Regen]; gesichert [Beweis, Zahlen, Daten, Information]

drive a hard bargain — hart verhandeln

2) (difficult) schwer; schwierig

this is hard to believe — das ist kaum zu glauben

it is hard to do something — es ist schwer, etwas zu tun

make it hard for somebody [to do something] — es jemandem schwer machen[, etwas zu tun]

[choose to] go about/do something the hard way — es sich (Dat.) bei etwas unnötig schwer machen

learn something the hard way — etwas durch schlechte Erfahrungen lernen

be hard of hearing — schwerhörig sein

be hard going — [Buch:] sich schwer lesen; [Arbeit:] anstrengend sein

play hard to get — (coll.) so tun, als sei man nicht interessiert

have a hard time doing something — Schwierigkeiten haben, etwas zu tun

it's a hard life — (joc.) das Leben ist schwer

it is [a bit] hard on him — es ist [schon] schlimm für ihn

hard luck — (coll.) Pech

3) (strenu-ous) hart; beschwerlich [Reise]; leidenschaftlich [Spieler]

be a hard drinker — viel trinken

try one's hardest to do something — sich nach Kräften bemühen, etwas zu tun

4) (vigorous) heftig [Angriff, Schlag]; kräftig [Schlag, Stoß, Tritt]; (severe) streng [Winter]

5) (unfeeling) hart

be hard [up]on somebody — streng mit jemandem sein

take a hard line [with somebody on something] — [in Bezug auf etwas (Akk.)] eine harte Linie [gegenüber jemandem] vertreten
2. adverb
1) (strenuously) hart [arbeiten, trainieren]; fleißig [lernen, studieren, üben]; genau [überlegen, beobachten]; scharf [nachdenken]; gut [aufpassen, zuhören, sich festhalten]

concentrate hard/harder — sich sehr/mehr konzentrieren

try hard — sich sehr bemühen

be hard at work on something — an etwas (Dat.) intensiv od. konzentriert arbeiten

be hard at it — schwer arbeiten

2) (vigorously) heftig; fest [schlagen, drücken, klopfen]

3) (severely, drastically) hart; streng [zensieren]

cut back hard on something — etwas drastisch einschränken

be hard up — knapp bei Kasse sein (ugs.)

4)

be hard put to it [to do something] — große Schwierigkeiten haben[, etwas zu tun]

5) hart [kochen]; fest [gefrieren [lassen]]

set hard — fest werden

* * *
1. adjective
1) (firm; solid; not easy to break, scratch etc: The ground is too hard to dig.) hart

2) (not easy to do, learn, solve etc: Is English a hard language to learn?; He is a hard man to please.) schwer, schwierig

3) (not feeling or showing kindness: a hard master.) hart

4) ((of weather) severe: a hard winter.) streng

5) (having or causing suffering: a hard life; hard times.) hart

6) ((of water) containing many chemical salts and so not easily forming bubbles when soap is added: The water is hard in this part of the country.) hart
2. adverb
1) (with great effort: He works very hard; Think hard.) hart

2) (with great force; heavily: Don't hit him too hard; It was raining hard.) stark

3) (with great attention: He stared hard at the man.) anstarren

4) (to the full extent; completely: The car turned hard right.) sehr

•

- academic.ru/33648/harden">harden
- hardness
- hardship
- hard-and-fast
- hard-back
- hard-boiled
- harddisk
- hard-earned
- hard-headed
- hard-hearted
- hardware
- hard-wearing
- be hard on
- hard at it
- hard done by
- hard lines/luck
- hard of hearing
- a hard time of it
- a hard time
- hard up
* * *

hard

[hɑ:d, AM hɑ:rd]

I. adj

1. (solid) hart

\hard cash Bargeld nt

\hard cheese Hartkäse m

\hard currency harte Währung

[as] \hard as iron [or a rock] [or stone] steinhart

2. (tough) person zäh, hart

he's a \hard one er ist ein ganz Harter

to be \hard enough to do sth das Zeug dazu haben, etw zu tun fam

3. (difficult) schwierig

she had a \hard time [of it] es war eine schwere Zeit für sie

it's \hard being a widow es ist nicht einfach, Witwe zu sein

if she won't listen, she'll have to learn the \hard way wer nicht hören will, muss fühlen

to be \hard to come by schwierig aufzutreiben sein

to do sth the \hard way sich dat etw schwermachen

to find sth \hard to believe [or swallow] etw kaum glauben können

to get \hard [or \harder] schwer [o schwerer] werden

it's \hard to say es ist schwer zu sagen

4. (laborious) anstrengend, mühevoll

the mountain there is a \hard climb der Berg dort ist schwer zu besteigen

a \hard fight ein harter Kampf a. fig

to give sth a \hard push etw kräftig anschieben

to be \hard work harte Arbeit sein; studies anstrengend [o schwer] sein; text schwer zu lesen sein, sich akk schwer lesen

to be a \hard worker fleißig sein

5. (severe) hart, unnachgiebig; voice schroff, barsch

she's finding the bad news \hard to take es fällt ihr schwer, die schlechte Nachricht zu verkraften

a \hard blow ein harter Schlag

a \hard heart ein hartes Herz

a \hard life ein hartes Leben

\hard luck [or esp BRIT lines]! ( fam)

\hard cheese! BRIT ( fam) [so ein fam] Pech!

that's your \hard luck! ( fam) das ist dein Pech! fam

to be [as] \hard as nails knallhart [o ein knallharter Typ] sein fam

a \hard taskmaster ein strenger Arbeitgeber

to give sb a \hard time jdm das Leben schwermachen

▪ to be \hard on sb/sth mit jdm/etw hart ins Gericht gehen

6. (harmful)

▪ to be \hard on sth etw stark strapazieren

I'm very \hard on shoes ich habe einen extrem hohen Schuhverschleiß

to be \hard on the eyes monitor die Augen überanstrengen

7. (unfortunate) hart

▪ to be \hard on sb hart für jdn sein

to go \hard with sb ( dated) jdm nur Nachteile bringen, jdm zum Nachteil gereichen geh

8. (extreme) hart

\hard frost/winter strenger Frost/Winter

the \hard left/right esp BRIT POL die harte Linke/Rechte

a \hard light ein grelles Licht

to take a \hard line eine harte Linie verfolgen

9. (reliable) sicher, fest

\hard facts (verified) gesicherte Fakten; (blunt) nackte Tatsachen

10. (potent) stark

\hard drinks/drugs harte Getränke/Drogen

a \hard drinker ein starker Trinker/eine starke Trinkerin

\hard drinking starker Alkoholkonsum

to be into [or to do] \hard drugs harte Drogen nehmen

11. (with lime)

\hard water hartes Wasser

12. (scrutinizing)

to take a [good] \hard look at sth sich dat etw genau ansehen, etw gründlich betrachten

13. TYPO

\hard copy (printout) Ausdruck m; (duplicate) Kopie f; (printed copy) Abzug m

14. LING

\hard consonant harter Konsonant

15. NUCL

\hard radiation harte Strahlung fachspr, Hartstrahlung f fachspr

16.

▶ to be \hard at it ganz bei der Sache sein

▶ to drive a \hard bargain knallhart verhandeln [o usu pej feilschen] fam

▶ \hard and fast information, facts zuverlässig; rule verbindlich

▶ to be \hard on sb's heels jdm dicht auf den Fersen sein

II. adv

1. (solid) hart

boiled \hard hart gekocht

frozen \hard liquid hart gefroren; clothing, plants steif gefroren

to set \hard glue, varnish hart werden, aushärten fachspr; concrete, mortar fest werden, abbinden fachspr

2. (vigorously) fest[e], kräftig

think \hard! denk mal genau nach!

to not do sth very \hard etw nicht sehr gründlich tun

to exercise \hard hart trainieren

to fight \hard [for sth] ( fig) [um etw akk] hart kämpfen

to play \hard (intensely) ausgiebig spielen; (roughly) hart spielen

to press/pull \hard kräftig drücken/ziehen

to study \hard fleißig lernen

to try \hard to do sth sich akk sehr bemühen [o fam ranhalten], etw zu tun

to work \hard hart arbeiten

3. (severely) schwer

his parents took the news of his death \hard seine Eltern traf die Nachricht von seinem Tod schwer

to be \hard pressed [or pushed] [or put] to do sth große [o die größte] Mühe haben, etw zu tun

4. (closely) knapp

\hard by in nächster Nähe

\hard by sb/sth ganz in der Nähe einer Person/einer S. gen, ganz nahe von jdm/etw geh

to follow \hard [up]on [or after] [or behind] sb/sth jdm/etw knapp folgen, jdm/etw dicht auf den Fersen sein

5. (copiously)

it was raining \hard es regnete stark

6. ( fig: stubbornly)

to die \hard [nur] langsam sterben

the old idea of state ownership of all firms dies \hard die alte Vorstellung von einer Verstaatlichung aller Firmen stirbt einfach nicht aus

7.

▶ to be \hard done by BRIT unfair behandelt werden

▶ old habits die \hard ( saying) der Mensch ist ein Gewohnheitstier

* * *
[hAːd]
1. adj (+er)

1) (= not soft) hart

as hard as rocks or iron — steinhart

the ground was baked hard — der Boden war völlig ausgedörrt

2) (= difficult) schwer, schwierig

this is hard to do, it is hard to do — es ist schwer, das zu tun

stories that are hard to understand — Geschichten, die schwer verständlich sind

that is a very hard question to answer — diese Frage lässt sich nur schwer beantworten

their prices are hard to beat — ihre Preise sind kaum zu unterbieten

she is hard to please — man kann ihr kaum etwas recht machen

it's hard to tell — es lässt sich schwer sagen, es ist schwer zu sagen

it was hard to believe — es war kaum zu glauben

I find it hard to believe — ich kann es kaum glauben

she found it hard to make friends — es fiel ihr schwer, Freunde zu finden

to do sth the hard way — etw auf die schwere Art machen

I don't see the point in doing it the hard way — warum soll man es sich schwer machen?

to play hard to get — so tun, als sei man nicht interessiert

3) (= strenuous, demanding) work, day, week hart, anstrengend

he leaves all the hard work to me — die ganze Schwerarbeit überlässt er mir

it was very hard work in the shop — die Arbeit in dem Geschäft war sehr anstrengend

he's hard work (inf) — er ist ziemlich anstrengend (inf)

getting on with him is hard work (inf) it was hard work for me not to swear at him — es gehört schon etwas dazu, mit ihm auszukommen (inf) es hat mich große Mühe gekostet, ihn nicht zu beschimpfen

a hard worker — ein fleißiger Arbeiter

to be a hard worker — sehr fleißig sein

it was hard going — man kam nur mühsam voran

learning Japanese is hard going — Japanisch zu lernen ist sehr schwierig

this novel is hard going — durch diesen Roman muss man sich mühsam durchbeißen

chatting her up is hard going (inf) — es ist gar nicht so einfach, sie anzumachen (inf)

4) (= forceful) pull, tug, kick kräftig; blow, punch heftig

to give sb/sth a hard push — jdm/etw einen harten Stoß versetzen

to give sth a hard pull or tug — kräftig an etw (dat) ziehen

it was a hard blow or knock ( for or to them) (fig) — es war ein schwerer Schlag (für sie)

to take a hard knock (fig) —

he took a hard knock (fig) — er musste einen schweren Schlag einstecken

5) (= severe, tough) person, look, eyes, smile, voice, life hart; winter, frost streng, hart

the job's a bit hard on the nerves — die Arbeit ist ziemlich nervenaufreibend

don't be so hard on the children — sei nicht so streng mit den Kindern

to have a hard time — es schwer or nicht leicht haben

I had a hard time finding a job — ich hatte Schwierigkeiten, eine Stelle zu finden

he had a hard time of it — er hat es nicht leicht gehabt; (in negotiations, boxing match etc) es hat ihn einen harten Kampf gekostet; (with illness, operation etc) es war eine schwere Zeit für ihn

to give sb a hard time — jdm das Leben schwer machen

hard times — schwere Zeiten pl

to fall on hard times — in finanzielle Schwierigkeiten geraten

there are no hard feelings between them — sie sind einander nicht böse

no hard feelings? — nimm es mir nicht übel

to be as hard as nails — knallhart sein (inf)

See:

→ also nut

6) (= harsh) light grell; sound hart

7) (= real, unquestionable) facts, information gesichert

hard evidence — sichere Beweise pl

8)

See:

→ hard hyphen, hard return

2. adv

1) (= with effort) work hart, schwer; run, drive sehr schnell; breathe schwer; study, play eifrig; (= carefully) listen, look genau, gut; think scharf, angestrengt; (= strongly, forcefully) push, pull kräftig, fest; laugh, scream, cry, beg sehr; rain, snow stark; blow kräftig

since 7 this morning — ich bin seit heute Morgen um 7 schwer am Werk or schwer dabei (inf)

she works hard at keeping herself fit — sie gibt sich viel Mühe, sich fit zu halten

to try hard — sich wirklich Mühe geben

no matter how hard I try... — wie sehr ich mich auch anstrenge,...

if you try hard you can do it — wenn du dich richtig bemühst or anstrengst, kannst du es tun

you're not trying hard enough — du strengst dich nicht genügend an

he tried as hard as he could — er hat sein Bestes getan or sich nach Kräften bemüht

he listened hard (straining to hear) —

you're not thinking hard enough — du denkst nicht angestrengt genug nach

think harder — denk mal ein bisschen besser nach

she slammed the door hard behind us — sie knallte die Tür fest hinter uns zu

it was freezing hard — es herrschte strenger Frost

2)

(= severely) to be hard pushed or put to do sth — es sehr schwer finden, etw zu tun

to clamp down hard —

it'll go hard for or with him if... (= it will cost him dear) — er wird Schwierigkeiten bekommen, wenn... es kann ihn teuer zu stehen kommen, wenn...

to be hard done by — übel dran sein

he reckons he's hard done by having to work on Saturdays — er findet es ungerecht, dass er samstags arbeiten muss

they are hard hit by the cuts — sie sind von den Kürzungen schwer getroffen

she took it very hard — es traf sie sehr or schwer, es ging ihr sehr nahe

See:

→ also hard-pressed

3)

(= as far as possible) hard right/left — scharf rechts/links

to turn/go hard round — eine scharfe Kehrtwendung machen

bear hard round to your left —

to lock hard over hard a-port/a-starboard/astern etc (Naut) — voll einschlagen hart backbord/steuerbord/nach achtern etc

4)

(= close) to follow hard behind/upon sth — unmittelbar auf etw (acc) folgen

my sister was hard behind me — meine Schwester war direkt hinter mir

following hard upon the opening of the new cinema —

hard by (sth) (dated) — ganz in der Nähe (von etw)

See:

→ also heel

* * *

hard [hɑː(r)d]

A adj

1. allg hart: → cheese¹

2. fest (Knoten)

3. schwer, schwierig:

a) mühsam, anstrengend:

hard work harte Arbeit;

it is quite hard work es ist ganz schön anstrengend ( doing zu tun);

hard to believe kaum zu glauben;

hard to please schwer zufriedenzustellen;

he is hard to please man kann es ihm nur schwer recht machen, er ist sehr anspruchsvoll;

hard to imagine schwer vorstellbar;

it is hard for me to accept this thesis es fällt mir schwer, diese These zu akzeptieren;

he made it hard for me to believe him er machte es mir schwer, ihm zu glauben; → graft² A 1, way¹ Bes Redew

b) schwer verständlich, schwer zu bewältigen(d):

hard problems schwierige Probleme

4. hart, zäh, widerstandsfähig:

in hard condition SPORT konditionsstark, fit;

a hard customer umg ein schwieriger Kunde, ein zäher Bursche; → nail Bes Redew

5. hart, angestrengt, intensiv (Studium etc)

6. fleißig, tüchtig:

he is a hard worker er ist enorm fleißig;

try one’s hardest sich alle Mühe geben

7. heftig, stark (Regen etc):

a hard blow ein harter Schlag, fig a. ein schwerer Schlag;

hard drinker starke(r) Trinker(in);

a hard service (Tennis) ein harter Aufschlag;

be hard on Kleidung, einen Teppich etc strapazieren;

be hard on the eyes die Augen anstrengen;

be hard on the legs in die Beine gehen

8. rau (Klima), streng (Frost), hart, streng (Winter)

9. hart, gefühllos, streng:

hard words harte Worte;

be hard on sb

a) jemanden hart oder ungerecht behandeln,

b) jemandem hart zusetzen

10. hart, drückend:

it is hard on him es ist hart für ihn, es trifft ihn schwer;

be hard on the pocket kaum erschwinglich sein;

price increases are hardest on the pockets of the poor Preiserhöhungen treffen immer die Armen am meisten;

hard times schwere Zeiten;

have a hard time

a) Schlimmes durchmachen (müssen),

b) sich schwertun ( with mit);

have a hard time getting sth es schwer haben, etwas zu bekommen;

he had a hard time getting up early es fiel ihm schwer, früh aufzustehen;

give sb a hard time jemandem das Leben schwer machen

11. hart:

the hard facts die unumstößlichen oder nackten Tatsachen

12. nüchtern, kühl (überlegend), unsentimental:

a hard businessman ein kühler Geschäftsmann;

he has a hard head er denkt nüchtern

13. sauer, herb (Getränk)

14. hart (Droge), (Getränk auch) stark:

hard drink auch Harddrink m;

hard drug auch Harddrug f; → liquor A 1 a, → porn A

15. PHYS hart (Wasser etc):

hard tube Hochvakuumröhre f

16. AGR hart, Hart…:

hard wheat

17. WIRTSCH hoch und starr (Preise)

18. hart (Farben, Stimme)

19. PHON

a) hart, stimmlos

b) nicht palatalisiert

20. hard of hearing schwerhörig

21. hard up umg

a) in (Geld)Schwierigkeiten, schlecht bei Kasse,

b) in Verlegenheit ( for um)

B adv

1. hart, fest:

frozen hard hart gefroren

2. fig hart, schwer:

work hard;

brake hard scharf bremsen;

drink hard ein starker Trinker sein;

it will go hard with him es wird ihm schlecht ergehen;

hit sb hard

a) jemandem einen harten oder heftigen Schlag versetzen,

b) fig ein harter oder schwerer Schlag für jemanden sein;

look hard at scharf ansehen;

be hard pressed, be hard put to it in schwerer Bedrängnis sein;

they are taking it very hard es ist ein schwerer Schlag für sie;

think hard scharf oder angestrengt nachdenken;

try hard sich große Mühe geben; → bear¹ B 4

3. schwer, mühsam: → die¹ A 1

4. nahe, dicht:

hard by ganz in der Nähe, nahe oder dicht dabei;

hard on ( oder after) gleich nach

5. hard aport SCHIFF hart Backbord

C s

1. Br festes Uferland

2. Br sl Zwangsarbeit f

3. get (have) a hard on vulg einen Ständer (eine Erektion) kriegen (haben)

* * *
1. adjective
1) hart; stark, heftig [Regen]; gesichert [Beweis, Zahlen, Daten, Information]

drive a hard bargain — hart verhandeln

2) (difficult) schwer; schwierig

this is hard to believe — das ist kaum zu glauben

it is hard to do something — es ist schwer, etwas zu tun

make it hard for somebody [to do something] — es jemandem schwer machen[, etwas zu tun]

[choose to] go about/do something the hard way — es sich (Dat.) bei etwas unnötig schwer machen

learn something the hard way — etwas durch schlechte Erfahrungen lernen

be hard of hearing — schwerhörig sein

be hard going — [Buch:] sich schwer lesen; [Arbeit:] anstrengend sein

play hard to get — (coll.) so tun, als sei man nicht interessiert

have a hard time doing something — Schwierigkeiten haben, etwas zu tun

it's a hard life — (joc.) das Leben ist schwer

it is [a bit] hard on him — es ist [schon] schlimm für ihn

hard luck — (coll.) Pech

3) (strenu-ous) hart; beschwerlich [Reise]; leidenschaftlich [Spieler]

be a hard drinker — viel trinken

try one's hardest to do something — sich nach Kräften bemühen, etwas zu tun

4) (vigorous) heftig [Angriff, Schlag]; kräftig [Schlag, Stoß, Tritt]; (severe) streng [Winter]

5) (unfeeling) hart

be hard [up]on somebody — streng mit jemandem sein

take a hard line [with somebody on something] — [in Bezug auf etwas (Akk.)] eine harte Linie [gegenüber jemandem] vertreten
2. adverb
1) (strenuously) hart [arbeiten, trainieren]; fleißig [lernen, studieren, üben]; genau [überlegen, beobachten]; scharf [nachdenken]; gut [aufpassen, zuhören, sich festhalten]

concentrate hard/harder — sich sehr/mehr konzentrieren

try hard — sich sehr bemühen

be hard at work on something — an etwas (Dat.) intensiv od. konzentriert arbeiten

be hard at it — schwer arbeiten

2) (vigorously) heftig; fest [schlagen, drücken, klopfen]

3) (severely, drastically) hart; streng [zensieren]

cut back hard on something — etwas drastisch einschränken

be hard up — knapp bei Kasse sein (ugs.)

4)

be hard put to it [to do something] — große Schwierigkeiten haben[, etwas zu tun]

5) hart [kochen]; fest [gefrieren [lassen]]

set hard — fest werden

* * *

adj.

hart (Wasser) adj.

hart adj.

heftig adj.

kalkhaltig adj.

schwer adj.

English-german dictionary > hard
6 hard

[hɑ:d, Am hɑ:rd] adj

1) (rigid, solid) hart;

\hard cheese Hartkäse m;

[as] \hard as iron [or a rock] [or stone] steinhart;

a \hard and fast rule eine verbindliche Regel;

the \hard left/ right ( esp Brit) pol die harte Linke/Rechte

2) (difficult, complex) schwierig;

she had a \hard time [of it] es war eine schwere Zeit für sie;

it's \hard being a widow es ist nicht einfach, Witwe zu sein;

if she won't listen, she'll have to learn the \hard way wer nicht hören will, muss fühlen;

to be \hard to come by schwierig aufzutreiben sein;

to do sth the \hard way sich dat etw schwer machen;

to find sth \hard to believe [or swallow] etw kaum glauben können;

to get \hard [or \harder] schwer [o schwerer] werden;

it's \hard to say es ist schwer zu sagen

3) ( requiring much effort) anstrengend, mühevoll;

the mountain there is a \hard climb der Berg dort ist schwer zu besteigen;

a \hard fight ein harter Kampf (a. fig)

to give sth a \hard push etw kräftig anschieben;

to be \hard work harte Arbeit sein;

to be a \hard worker fleißig sein

4) (severe, unpleasant) hart, unnachgiebig; tone of voice schroff, barsch;

she's finding the bad news \hard to take es fällt ihr schwer, die schlechte Nachricht zu verkraften;

a \hard blow ein harter Schlag;

a \hard heart ein hartes Herz;

\hard luck [or ( esp Brit) lines] [or ( Brit) (dated) ( fam) cheese] ! [so ein] Pech!;

that's your \hard luck! das ist dein Pech!;

to be [as] \hard as nails knallhart [o ein knallharter Typ] sein ( fam)

a \hard taskmaster ein strenger Arbeitgeber;

to give sb a \hard time jdm das Leben schwer machen;

to be \hard on sb/ sth mit jdm/etw hart ins Gericht gehen

5) ( causing harm)

to be \hard on sth etw stark strapazieren;

I'm very \hard on shoes ich habe einen extrem hohen Schuhverschleiß

6) (problematic, unfortunate) hart;

to be \hard on sb hart für jdn sein

7) ( extremely cold)

\hard frost/ winter strenger Frost/Winter

8) (demonstrable, solid) sicher, fest;

\hard facts ( verified) gesicherte Fakten;

( brutally honest) nackte Tatsachen;

\hard and fast information [or facts] zuverlässige Informationen fpl

9) ( strong) stark;

\hard drinks/ drugs harte Getränke/Drogen;

a \hard drinker ein starker Trinker/eine starke Trinkerin;

\hard drinking starker Alkoholkonsum;

to be into \hard drugs harte Drogen nehmen

10) ( containing much lime)

\hard water hartes Wasser

11) ( scrutinizing)

to take a [good] \hard look at sth sich dat etw genau ansehen, etw gründlich betrachten

PHRASES:

to drive a \hard bargain knallhart verhandeln [o feilschen];

to be \hard on sb's heels jdm dicht auf den Fersen sein adv

1) (solid, rigid) hart;

boiled \hard hart gekocht;

frozen \hard hart gefroren;

( sth moving) steif gefroren

2) ( vigorously) fest[e], kräftig;

think \hard! denk mal genau nach!;

to exercise \hard hart trainieren;

to fight \hard [for sth] ( fig) [um etw akk] hart kämpfen;

to play \hard ausgiebig spielen;

to press/pull \hard kräftig drücken/ziehen;

to study \hard fleißig lernen;

to try \hard to do sth sich akk sehr bemühen [o ( fam) ranhalten], etw zu tun;

to work \hard hart arbeiten;

to not do sth very \hard etw nicht sehr gründlich tun;

to be \hard at it ganz bei der Sache sein

3) (painfully, severely) schwer;

his parents took the news of his death \hard seine Eltern traf die Nachricht von seinem Tod schwer;

to be \hard pressed [or pushed] to do sth große [o die größte] Mühe haben, etw zu tun

4) ( closely) knapp;

to follow \hard [up]on [or after] [or behind] sb/ sth jdm/etw knapp folgen, jdm/etw dicht auf den Fersen sein

5) (heavy, driving)

it was raining \hard es regnete stark;

6) (fig: survive usefulness)

to die \hard [nur] langsam sterben;

the old idea of state ownership of all firms dies \hard die alte Vorstellung von einer Verstaatlichung aller Firmen stirbt einfach nicht aus

PHRASES:

old habits die \hard (die \hard) der Mensch ist ein Gewohnheitstier

English-German students dictionary > hard
7 hard

{ha:d}
I. 1. твърд, корав, втвърден
to become/get HARD втвърдявам се
2. здрав, як, кален
3. тежък, силен (за удар и пр.), труден, тежък, мъчен, усилен (за работа, времена и пр.), тежък, неотстъпчив (за харак тер)
this book is HARD reading тази книга мъчно се чете/е тежка
HARD case тежък случай (и прен.), закоравял престъпник
to learn something the HARD way научавам нещо без чужда помощ/от личен опит, изпитвам нещо на собствения си гръб
4. усърден, упорит, неуморен (за работник)
5. суров, строг, корав, безмилостен, безжалостен, неумолим, жесток
to be as HARD as flint сърцето ми е от камък, непреклонен/неотстъпчив съм
to be HARD on someone строг/безмилостен/взискателен съм към някого, съдя някого много строго
HARD fact жесток/груб/брутален/неоспорим факт
HARD look/expression студен/суров/изпитателен поглед/изражение
HARD feeling (s) озлобление, огорчеиме, неприязън
HARD words прен. тежки думи
HARD and fast строг, неотмeнен (за правило), строг (за разлика, дисциплина)
6. суров (за климат, сезон и пр.)
7. твърд, варовит (за вода)
8. рязък, ярък, крешящ (за цвят), рязък, остър, груб, металичен (за звук), рязко очертан (за сенки)
9. силен, спиртен (за питие)
10. фон. твърд, беззвучен
11. физ. проникващ (за радиация)
12. много вреден и водещ към пристрастяване (за наркотично средство)
13. висок, устойчив (за цена), стабилен, здрав, твърд (за валута)
HARD cash пари в брой. сухи пари, ам. звонкови пари
14. фот. контрастен
15. текст, камгарен
16. окончателен, твърд (за споразумение и пр.), сигурен, потвърден (за новини, данни и пр.)
good HARD sense здрав разум
17. хим. бавно разлагащ се, устойчив
to be HARD on one's clothes бързо износвам дрехите си
II. 1. твърдо, кораво
it froze HARD last night снощи имаше голям мраз, снощи земята съвсем замръзна
2. силно, енергично, с все сила, усилено, усърдно, много, без мярка
to be HARD at work работя усилено
to be HARD at it работя здравата
to swear HARD ругая грубо
3. мъчно, трудно, тежко, болезнено, с мъка, мъчително
it will go HARD with him няма да му бъде леко, ще има да пати
it comes/bears HARD on him тежко е за него, това е голям удар за него
to be HARD pressed/pushed/put to it, to have it HARD в (голямо) затруднение съм, в трудно/тежко положение съм
to he HARD up (for money) нямам никакви пари, на голям зор съм за пари
to be HARD up for an excuse/for something to do чудя се как да намеря извинение/какво да правя/как да си намеря занимание
to be HARD up for friends нямам приятели
HARD boought experience прен. скъпо платен опит, опит, който ми струва много
4. строго, изпитателно
5. наблизо, по петите, непосредствено
HARD by съвсем (на) близо
to run someone HARD, to be HARD upon someone по петите съм на някого
to follow HARD (up) on/after/behind идвам непосредствено след, следвам непосредствено
to be HARD upou sixty наближавам шестдесетте
it was HARD on eleven беше почти/наближаваше 11 часа
III. 1. бряг, подходящ за слизане от кораб
2. разг. каторжна работа (и HARD labour)
3. sl. ерекция

* * *

pressed, -pushed, -put {,ha:d'prest, -'pusht, -put} а затруднен,

* * *

усърден; як; строг; усилено; трудно; твърд; усилен; труден; твърдо; упорит; тежък; тежко; енергично; здрав; кораво; корав; мъчно;

* * *
1. 1 висок, устойчив (за цена), стабилен, здрав, твърд (за валута) 2. 1 много вреден и водещ към пристрастяване (за наркотично средство) 3. 1 окончателен, твърд (за споразумение и пр.), сигурен, потвърден (за новини, данни и пр.) 4. 1 текст, камгарен 5. 1 физ. проникващ (за радиация) 6. 1 фот. контрастен 7. 1 хим. бавно разлагащ се, устойчив 8. good hard sense здрав разум 9. hard and fast строг, неотмeнен (за правило), строг (за разлика, дисциплина) 10. hard boought experience прен. скъпо платен опит, опит, който ми струва много 11. hard by съвсем (на) близо 12. hard case тежък случай (и прен.), закоравял престъпник 13. hard cash пари в брой. сухи пари, ам. звонкови пари 14. hard fact жесток/груб/брутален/неоспорим факт 15. hard feeling (s) озлобление, огорчеиме, неприязън 16. hard look/expression студен/суров/изпитателен поглед/изражение 17. hard words прен. тежки думи 18. i. твърд, корав, втвърден 19. ii. твърдо, кораво 20. iii. бряг, подходящ за слизане от кораб 21. it comes/bears hard on him тежко е за него, това е голям удар за него 22. it froze hard last night снощи имаше голям мраз, снощи земята съвсем замръзна 23. it was hard on eleven беше почти/наближаваше 11 часа 24. it will go hard with him няма да му бъде леко, ще има да пати 25. sl. ерекция 26. this book is hard reading тази книга мъчно се чете/е тежка 27. to be as hard as flint сърцето ми е от камък, непреклонен/неотстъпчив съм 28. to be hard at it работя здравата 29. to be hard at work работя усилено 30. to be hard on one's clothes бързо износвам дрехите си 31. to be hard on someone строг/безмилостен/взискателен съм към някого, съдя някого много строго 32. to be hard pressed/pushed/put to it, to have it hard в (голямо) затруднение съм, в трудно/тежко положение съм 33. to be hard up for an excuse/for something to do чудя се как да намеря извинение/какво да правя/как да си намеря занимание 34. to be hard up for friends нямам приятели 35. to be hard upou sixty наближавам шестдесетте 36. to become/get hard втвърдявам се 37. to follow hard (up) on/after/behind идвам непосредствено след, следвам непосредствено 38. to he hard up (for money) нямам никакви пари, на голям зор съм за пари 39. to learn something the hard way научавам нещо без чужда помощ/от личен опит, изпитвам нещо на собствения си гръб 40. to run someone hard, to be hard upon someone по петите съм на някого 41. to swear hard ругая грубо 42. здрав, як, кален 43. мъчно, трудно, тежко, болезнено, с мъка, мъчително 44. наблизо, по петите, непосредствено 45. разг. каторжна работа (и hard labour) 46. рязък, ярък, крешящ (за цвят), рязък, остър, груб, металичен (за звук), рязко очертан (за сенки) 47. силен, спиртен (за питие) 48. силно, енергично, с все сила, усилено, усърдно, много, без мярка 49. строго, изпитателно 50. суров (за климат, сезон и пр.) 51. суров, строг, корав, безмилостен, безжалостен, неумолим, жесток 52. твърд, варовит (за вода) 53. тежък, силен (за удар и пр.), труден, тежък, мъчен, усилен (за работа, времена и пр.), тежък, неотстъпчив (за харак тер) 54. усърден, упорит, неуморен (за работник) 55. фон. твърд, беззвучен
* * *

hard [ha:d] I. adj 1. твърд, корав; to become ( get) \hard втвърдявам се; \hard as a brick ( as iron) твърд (корав) като камък (стомана); \hard tissues мед. втвърдени (склерозирани) тъкани; \hard food зоб; груба, мъчносмилаема храна; a \hard nut to crack прен. костелив орех, трудна задача; 2. здрав, як, кале́н (за човек); \hard as nails здрав като камък; 3. тежък, силен (за удар и пр.); труден, тежък, мъчен, усилен (за работа, времена и пр.); тежък, суров; студен; труден, неотстъпчив (за характер); to be \hard to please мъчно е да ми се угоди; to play \hard to get правя се на недостъпен; to be \hard of seeing слабо виждам, недовиждам; this book is \hard reading тази книга трудно се чете (е тежка); to try o.'s \hardest правя всичко възможно, полагам най-големи (всички) усилия; a \hard case тежък случай (и прен.); закоравял престъпник; to learn s.th. the \hard way научавам нещо без чужда помощ; научавам на свой гръб; 4. усърден, упорит, акуратен, неуморен (за работник); 5. суров, строг; корав, безмилостен, безжалостен, неумолим, жесток; нечувствителен; these last four years have been \hard on them последните четири години бяха трудни за тях; he/she is as \hard as flint сърцето му/ѝ е от камък; непреклонен (неотстъпчив) е; to be \hard on s.o. строг (безмилостен, взискателен) съм към някого; съдя някого много строго; no \hard feelings без лоши чувства; to be \hard on o.'s clothes бързо износвам дрехите си; a \hard fact жесток (груб, брутален) факт, неоспорим факт; a \hard fate жестока съдба; to have \hard luck нямам късмет, не ми върви; \hard luck ( lines)! sl \hard cheese жалко! нямаш (нямаме) късмет! a \hard look ( expression) студен (суров) поглед (изражение); \hard and fast строг, неотменен (за правило); строг (за разлика, дисциплина); мор. изхвърлен на брега; 6. суров (за климат, сезон и пр.); 7. твърд, варовит (за вода); 8. ярък, крещящ (за цвят); рязък, остър, груб (за звук); 9. силен, спиртен (за питие); 10. ез., разг. твърд; беззвучен; 11. висок (за цена); стабилен, здрав, твърд (за валута); 12. закален (за метал); 13. варовит (за вода); 14. твърд, проникващ (за радиация); 15. мъчнотопим (за стъкло); II. adv 1. твърдо, кораво; it froze \hard last night снощи имаше голям мраз, снощи земята съвсем замръзна; 2. силно енергично, с все сила, усилено; to pull ( row) \hard тегля (греба) силно; to be \hard at work работя усилено; to be \hard at it разг. работя здравата; 3. мъчно, трудно, тежко; болезнено, с мъка, мъчително; it is ( comes, bears) \hard on him/her тежко е за него/нея; това е голям удар за него/нея; to be \hard pressed ( pushed, put to it) в трудно (тежко) положение съм; to be \hard up ( for money) нямам пари, закъсал съм за пари; to be \hard up for an excuse не мога да намеря извинение; to be \hard up for s.th. to do не знам (чудя се) какво да правя, не мога да си намеря работа; to be \hard up against it, to have it \hard разг. в тежко положение съм; hard-got fortune състояние, спечелено с мъка; 4. много, без мярка; to drink \hard много пия, пиянствам; to swear \hard ругая грубо; 5. наблизо, по петите, непосредствено; to run s.o. \hard, to be \hard upon s.o. по петите съм на някого; to follow \hard (up)on, ( after, behind) идвам непосредствено след, следвам непосредствено; to be \hard upon forty наближавам четирийсетте; it is \hard on 6 почти 6 часа е; III. n 1. провинц. твърд бряг, подходящ за слизане от кораб; 2. разг. каторжна работа (и \hard labour); 3. пресован тютюн (за дъвчене); 4. pl отпадъци (при обработка на лен и пр.).

English-Bulgarian dictionary > hard
8 hard

adj. hard
--------
adv. met inspanning; naast-

hard¹

[ ha:d]

I 〈 bijvoeglijk naamwoord〉

1 hard ⇒ vast(staand); krachtig; taai, robuust

2 hard 〈 gedrag, karakter〉 ⇒ hardvochtig

3 moeilijk ⇒ hard, lastig

♦voorbeelden:

1   〈 tennis〉 hard court • 〈 Brits-Engels〉 gravelbaan; 〈 Amerikaans-Engels〉asfaltbaan, betonbaan

     hard cover • (boek)band; 〈 vaak attributief〉 gebonden editie

     hard currency • harde valuta

     hard drink/liquor • sterkedrank

     hard drug • harddrug

     take some hard knocks • harde klappen krijgen, het zwaar te verduren hebben

     a hard winter • een felle/strenge winter

     hard and fast rule/line • vaste regel, stalen wet

2   drive a hard bargain • keihard onderhandelen

     a hard case • een onverbeterlijk/moeilijk geval

     〈Amerikaans-Engels; informeel〉 hard sell • harde/agressieve verkoopmethode

     learn something the hard way • door bittere ervaring leren

     be hard (up)on someone • onaardig/streng zijn tegen iemand

3   hard labour • dwangarbeid

     she gave him a hard time • hij kreeg het zwaar te verduren van haar

     (fall on) hard times • moeilijke tijden (beleven)

     hard to believe • moeilijk te geloven

     hard of hearing • slechthorend, hardhorend

¶ hard cash • baar geld, kende munt

     〈 computer〉 they preferred hard copy to soft copy • zij verkozen uitdraai boven beeldschermtekst

     hard core • harde kern 〈van vereniging e.d.〉; harde porno; 〈 Brits-Engels〉steenslag, steengruis

     hard feelings • wrok(gevoelens), rancune

     no hard feelings? • even goede vrienden?

     hard luck/ 〈 Brits-Engels〉 lines • pech, tegenslag

     as hard as nails • ongevoelig, onverzoenlijk

     a hard nut to crack • een harde noot (om te kraken); een stug persoon

     〈 Brits-Engels〉 hard shoulder • vluchtstrook

     play hard to get • moeilijk doen, zich ongenaakbaar opstellen

     hard by • vlakbij

     be hard on something • iets vlug verslijten

→ hard up hard up/

II 〈 bijvoeglijk naamwoord, attributief〉

1 hard ⇒ ijverig, energiek

♦voorbeelden:

1   a hard drinker • een stevige/zware drinker

     a hard worker • een harde werker

————————

hard²

〈 bijwoord〉

1 hard ⇒ krachtig, inspannend, zwaar

2 met moeite ⇒ moeizaam

3 dicht(bij)

♦voorbeelden:

1   it comes hard • het valt zwaar

     be hard done by • te kort gedaan/benadeeld zijn

     be hard hit • zwaar getroffen zijn; 〈 slang〉 financieel aan de grond zitten

     look hard • aandachtig kijken

     think hard • diep nadenken

     be hard on someone's heel(s)/trail • iemand op de hielen zitten

2   be hard put to (do something) • het moeilijk vinden (om iets te doen)

     traditions/old habits die hard • tradities/vaste gewoonten verdwijnen niet gauw

     take something hard • iets zwaar opnemen, zwaar lijden onder iets

¶ be hard at it • hard werken

English-Dutch dictionary > hard
9 nail

§ ლურსმანი; ფრჩხილი; მიჭედვა, მილურსმვა

§

1 ლურსმანი

to hammer in a nail ლურსმნის ჩაჭედება

to draw out / pull out a nail ლურსმნის ამოღება / ამოძრობა

●●she is as hard as nails კაჟივით არის // კერკეტი კაკლია

to hit the nail on the head კაკალ გულში მოხვედრება

to pay on the nail იქვე / ადგილზევე / დაუყოვნებლივ ნაღდი ფულით გადახდა

2 ფრჩხილი, კლანჭი

to cut / trim one's nails ფრჩხილების დაჭრა

to bite / do one's nails ფრჩხილების კვნეტა // მანიკიურის გაკეთება

3 დაჭედება (დააჭედებს), დალურსმვა

he nailed a sign-board over the door კარის თავზე აბრა დააჭედა

he nailed the two boards together ორი ფიცარი ერთმანეთს მიაჭედა

●●he nailed me down in the corridor დერეფანში დამიჭირა / გამომიჭირა

he was gnawing his finger-nails ფრჩხილებს იკვნეტდა

the nail pierced the tyre ლურსმანმა საბურავი გახვრიტა

●●to pare one's nails ფრჩხილების დაჭრა

to hit the nail on the head წერტილში მორტყმა

to hammer in a nail ლურსმნის მიჭედება

to draw nails out of a plank ფიცრიდან ლურსმნის ამოძრობა

her dress caught on a nail მისი კაბა ლურსმანს გამოედო

nail polish ფრჩხილებზე წასასმელი ლაქი

English-Georgian dictionary > nail
10 nail

neil
1. noun
1) (a piece of horn-like substance which grows over the ends of the fingers and toes to protect them: I've broken my nail; toe-nails; Don't bite your finger-nails.) uña

2) (a thin pointed piece of metal used to fasten pieces of wood etc together: He hammered a nail into the wall and hung a picture on it.) clavo

2. verb
(to fasten with nails: He nailed the picture to the wall.) clavar

- nail-brush
- nail-file
- nail-polish
- nail-varnish
- nail-scissors
- hit the nail on the head

nail¹ n

1. uña

she has long nails tiene las uñas largas

2. clavo

hit the nail with a hammer dale al clavo con un martillo

nail² vb clavar

the carpet is nailed to the floor la moqueta está clavada al suelo

nail

tr[neɪl]

noun

1 (on finger, toe) uña

■ to bite/cutim one's nails morderse/cortarse/arreglarse las uñas

2 (metal) clavo

transitive verb

1 clavar, fijar con clavos

2 familiar pillar, coger

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

as hard as nails más duro,-a que una piedra

to pay on the nail pagar a tocateja

to hit the nail on the head dar en el clavo

nail clippers cortaúñas nombre masculino

nail enamel SMALLAMERICAN ENGLISH/SMALL esmalte nombre masculino para las uñas

nail polish esmalte nombre masculino para las uñas

nail scissors tijeras nombre femenino plural para las uñas

nail varnish esmalte nombre masculino para las uñas

nail varnish remover quitaesmaltes nombre masculino

nail ['neɪl] vt

: clavar, sujetar con clavos

nail n

1) fingernail: uña f

nail file: lima (de uñas)

nail polish: laca de uñas

2) : clavo m

to hit the nail on the head: dar en el clavo

nail

n.

• clavo s.m.

• espiga s.f.

• punta s.f.

• uña s.f.

v.

• clavar v.

• clavetear v.

• coger v.

• empernar v.

• enclavar v.

I neɪl
noun

1) ( Const) clavo m; ( smaller) puntilla f

a nail in somebody's coffin: this failure is another nail in his coffin este fracaso es otro paso camino a su derrota; to be as hard as nails ser* muy duro (de corazón); to hit the nail on the head dar* en el clavo; to pay on the nail (colloq) pagar* en el acto; they paid cash on the nail — pagaron a tocateja (Esp) or (RPl) pagaron taca taca or (Chi, Ven) chin-chin or (Méx) en caliente (y de repente) (fam)

2) ( Anat) uña f

to cut one's nails — cortarse las uñas; (before n)

nail polish o (BrE also) varnish — esmalte m de uñas

nail polish o (BrE also) varnish remover — quitaesmalte m

II

transitive verb

1) ( fix) clavar

he was nailed to the spot in fear — se quedó clavado en el sitio de puro miedo

2) (colloq) ( apprehend) agarrar or (esp Esp) coger

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- nail down

- nail up

[neɪl]
1. N

1) (Anat) uña f

to bite one's nails — morderse las uñas

2) (metal) clavo m

a nail in sb's coffin —

this is another nail in his coffin — este es otro paso hacia su destrucción

- hit the nail on the head

- pay cash on the nail
hard 1., 1)
2. VT

1) (=fix with nails) clavar, sujetar con clavos

to nail two things together — fijar or unir dos cosas con clavos

2) * (=catch, get hold of) agarrar, pillar *

3) (=expose) [+ lie] poner al descubierto; [+ rumour] demostrar la falsedad de

4) (=define) definir, precisar

3.

CPD

nail bomb N — bomba f de metralla

nail clippers NPL — cortauñas m inv

nail enamel (US) N — esmalte m de uñas

nail extension N — prótesis f de uña

nail file N — lima f (para las uñas)

nail polish N — esmalte m de uñas

nail polish remover N — quitaesmalte m

nail scissors NPL — tijeras fpl para las uñas

nail varnish N — esmalte m de uñas

nail varnish remover N — quitaesmalte m

- nail down

- nail up

* * *

I [neɪl]
noun

1) ( Const) clavo m; ( smaller) puntilla f

a nail in somebody's coffin: this failure is another nail in his coffin este fracaso es otro paso camino a su derrota; to be as hard as nails ser* muy duro (de corazón); to hit the nail on the head dar* en el clavo; to pay on the nail (colloq) pagar* en el acto; they paid cash on the nail — pagaron a tocateja (Esp) or (RPl) pagaron taca taca or (Chi, Ven) chin-chin or (Méx) en caliente (y de repente) (fam)

2) ( Anat) uña f

to cut one's nails — cortarse las uñas; (before n)

nail polish o (BrE also) varnish — esmalte m de uñas

nail polish o (BrE also) varnish remover — quitaesmalte m

II

transitive verb

1) ( fix) clavar

he was nailed to the spot in fear — se quedó clavado en el sitio de puro miedo

2) (colloq) ( apprehend) agarrar or (esp Esp) coger

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- nail down

- nail up

English-spanish dictionary > nail
11 do

I 1. transitive verb,
neg. coll. don't, pres. t. he does, neg. (coll.) doesn't, p.t. did, neg. (coll.) didn't, pres. p. doing, p.p. done

1) (perform) machen [Hausaufgaben, Hausarbeit, Examen, Handstand]; vollbringen [Tat]; tun, erfüllen [Pflicht]; tun, verrichten [Arbeit]; ausführen [Malerarbeiten]; vorführen [Trick, Striptease, Nummer, Tanz]; durchführen [Test]; aufführen [Stück]; singen [Lied]; mitmachen [Rennen, Wettbewerb]; spielen [Musikstück, Rolle]; tun [Buße]

do the shopping/washing up/cleaning — einkaufen [gehen]/abwaschen/sauber machen

do a lot of reading/walking — etc. viel lesen/spazieren gehen usw.

do a dance/the foxtrot — tanzen/Foxtrott tanzen

have nothing to do — nichts zu tun haben

do something to something/somebody — etwas mit etwas/jemandem machen

what can I do for you? — was kann ich für Sie tun?; (in shop) was darf's sein?

do something about something/somebody — etwas gegen etwas/jemanden unternehmen

not know what to do with oneself — nicht wissen, was man machen soll

that does it — jetzt reicht's (ugs.)

that's done it — (caused a change for the worse) das hat das Fass zum Überlaufen gebracht; (caused a change for the better) das hätten wir

that will/should do it — so müsste es gehen; (is enough) das müsste genügen

do a Garbo — (coll.) es der Garbo (Dat.) gleichtun

how many miles has this car done? — wie viele Kilometer hat der Wagen gefahren?

the car does/was doing about 100 m.p.h./does 45 miles to the gallon — das Auto schafft/fuhr mit ungefähr 160 Stundenkilometer/frisst (ugs.) od. braucht sechs Liter pro 100 Kilometer

2) (spend)

do a spell in the armed forces — eine Zeit lang bei der Armee sein

how much longer have you to do at college? — wie lange musst du noch aufs College gehen?

3) (produce) machen [Übersetzung, Kopie]; anfertigen [Bild, Skulptur]; herstellen [Artikel, Produkte]; schaffen [Pensum]

4) (provide) haben [Vollpension, Mittagstisch]; (coll.): (offer for sale) führen

5) (prepare) machen [Bett, Frühstück]; (work on) machen (ugs.), fertig machen [Garten, Hecke]; (clean) sauber machen; putzen [Schuhe, Fenster]; machen (ugs.) [Treppe]; (arrange) [zurecht]machen [Haare]; fertig machen [Korrespondenz, Zimmer]; (make up) schminken [Lippen, Augen, Gesicht]; machen (ugs.) [Nägel]; (cut) schneiden [Nägel]; schneiden [Gras, Hecke]; (paint) machen (ugs.) [Zimmer]; streichen [Haus, Möbel]; (attend to) sich kümmern um [Bücher, Rechnungen, Korrespondenz]; (repair) in Ordnung bringen

6) (cook) braten

well done — durch[gebraten]

7) (solve) lösen [Problem, Rätsel]; machen [Puzzle, Kreuzworträtsel]

8) (study, work at) machen; haben [Abiturfach]

9) (sl.): (swindle) reinlegen (ugs.)

do somebody out of something — jemanden um etwas bringen

10) (sl.): (defeat, kill) fertig machen (ugs.)

11) (traverse) schaffen [Entfernung]

12) (sl.): (undergo) absitzen, (salopp) abreißen [Strafe]

13) (coll.): (visit) besuchen

do Europe in three weeks — Europa in drei Wochen absolvieren od. abhaken (ugs.)

14) (satisfy) zusagen (+ Dat.); (suffice for, last) reichen (+ Dat.)
2. intransitive verb, forms as
1.

1) (act) tun; (perform) spielen

you can do just as you like — du kannst machen, was du willst

do as they do — mach es wie sie

do or die — kämpfen oder untergehen

2) (fare)

how are you doing? — wie geht's dir?

3) (get on) vorankommen; (in exams) abschneiden

how are you doing at school? — wie geht es in der Schule?

do well/badly at school — gut/schlecht in der Schule sein

4)

how do you do? — (formal) guten Tag/Morgen/Abend!

5) (coll.): (manage)

how are we doing for time? — wie steht es mit der Zeit od. (ugs.) sieht es mit der Zeit aus?

6) (serve purpose) es tun; (suffice) [aus]reichen; (be suitable) gehen

that won't do — das geht nicht

that will do! — jetzt aber genug!

7) (be usable)

do for or as something — als etwas benutzt werden können

8) (happen)

what's doing? — was ist los?

there's nothing doing on the job market — es tut sich nichts auf dem Arbeitsmarkt (ugs.)

Nothing doing. He's not interested — Nichts zu machen (ugs.). Er ist nicht interessiert. See also academic.ru/21693/doing">doing; done
3. verb substitute, forms as
1.

1) replacing v.: usually not translated

you mustn't act as he does — du darfst nicht so wie er handeln

2) replacing v. and obj. etc

he read the Bible every day as his father did before him — er las täglich in der Bibel, wie es schon sein Vater vor ihm getan hatte od. wie schon vor ihm sein Vater

as they did in the Middle Ages — wie sie es im Mittelalter taten

3) as ellipt. aux

You went to Paris, didn't you? - Yes, I did — Du warst doch in Paris, oder od. nicht wahr? - Ja[, stimmt od. war ich]

4) with ‘so’, ‘it’, etc

I knew John Lennon. - So did I — Ich kannte John Lennon. - Ich auch

go ahead and do it — nur zu

5) in tag questions

I know you from somewhere, don't I? — wir kennen uns doch irgendwoher, nicht?
4. auxiliary verb
+ inf. as pres. or past, forms as 1.

1) for special emphasis

I do love Greece — Griechenland gefällt mir wirklich gut

I do apologize — es tut mit wirklich leid

you do look glum — du siehst ja so bedrückt aus

but I tell you, I did see him — aber ich sage dir doch, dass ich ihn gesehen habe

2) for inversion

little did he know that... — er hatte keine Ahnung, dass...

3) in questions

do you know him? — kennst du ihn?

what does he want? — was will er?

didn't they look wonderful? — haben sie nicht wunderhübsch ausgesehen?

4) in negation

I don't or do not wish to take part — ich möchte nicht teilnehmen

5) in neg. commands

don't or do not expect to find him in a good mood — erwarten Sie nicht, dass Sie ihn in guter Stimmung antreffen

children, do not forget... — Kinder, vergesst [ja] nicht...

don't be so noisy! — seid [doch] nicht so laut!

don't! — tu's/tut's/tun Sie's nicht!

6) + inf. as imper. for emphasis etc

do sit down, won't you? — bitte setzen Sie sich doch!

do be quiet, Paul! — Paul, sei doch mal ruhig!

do hurry up! — beeil dich doch!

Phrasal Verbs:

- do away with

- do by

- do down

- do for

- do in

- do out

- do up

- do with

- do without
II noun
, pl. dos or do's

1) (sl.): (swindle) Schwindel, der; krumme Sache (ugs.)

2) (Brit. coll.): (festivity) Feier, die; Fete, die (ugs.)

3) in pl.

the dos and don'ts — die Ge- und Verbote (of Gen.)

* * *
[du:] 1. 3rd person singular present tense - does; verb
1) (used with a more important verb in questions and negative statements: Do you smoke?) Hilfsverb in Fragen und bei Verneinung

2) (used with a more important verb for emphasis; ; [ðo sit down]) Hilfsverb zur Betonung

3) (used to avoid repeating a verb which comes immediately before: I thought she wouldn't come, but she did.) statt Wiederholung des Verbs

4) (used with a more important verb after seldom, rarely and little: Little did he know what was in store for him.) bei Inversion

5) (to carry out or perform: What shall I do?; That was a terrible thing to do.) tun

6) (to manage to finish or complete: When you've done that, you can start on this; We did a hundred kilometres in an hour.) schaffen

7) (to perform an activity concerning something: to do the washing; to do the garden / the windows.) machen

8) (to be enough or suitable for a purpose: Will this piece of fish do two of us?; That'll do nicely; Do you want me to look for a blue one or will a pink one do?; Will next Saturday do for our next meeting?) genügen

9) (to work at or study: She's doing sums; He's at university doing science.) sich beschäftigen mit

10) (to manage or prosper: How's your wife doing?; My son is doing well at school.) sich befinden

11) (to put in order or arrange: She's doing her hair.) herrichten

12) (to act or behave: Why don't you do as we do?)

13) (to give or show: The whole town gathered to do him honour.) erweisen

14) (to cause: What damage did the storm do?; It won't do him any harm.) zufügen

15) (to see everything and visit everything in: They tried to do London in four days.) erledigen
2. noun
(an affair or a festivity, especially a party: The school is having a do for Christmas.) das Fest

- doer
- doings
- done
- do-it-yourself
- to-do
- I
- he could be doing with / could do with
- do away with
- do for
- done for
- done in
- do out
- do out of
- do's and don'ts
- do without
- to do with
- what are you doing with
* * *

do

[du:]

I. AUXILIARY VERB

<does, did, done>

1. (forming question)

\do you like children? magst du Kinder?

did he see you? hat er dich gesehen?

what did you say? was hast du gesagt?

\do you/ \does he/she indeed [or now]? tatsächlich?

\do I like cheese? — I love cheese! ob ich Käse mag? — ich liebe Käse!

2. (negating verb)

Frida \doesn't like olives Frida mag keine Oliven

I \don't want to go yet! ich will noch nicht gehen!

I \don't smoke ich rauche nicht

it \doesn't matter das macht nichts

\don't [you] speak to me like that! sprich nicht so mit mir!

\don't be silly sei nicht albern!

\don't let's argue about it lasst uns deswegen nicht streiten

3. (for emphasis)

\do come to our party ach komm doch zu unserer Party

may I join you? — please \do! kann ich mitkommen? — aber bitte!

boy, did he yell! der hat vielleicht geschrieen! fam

so you \do like beer after all du magst also doch Bier

you \do look tired du siehst wirklich müde aus

\do shut up, Sarah halte bloß deinen Mund, Sarah

\do tell me! sag's mir doch!

\do I/ \does he/she ever! und ob!

4. (inverting verb)

not only did I speak to her, I even... ich habe nicht nur mit ihr gesprochen, sondern auch...

little \does she know sie hat echt keine Ahnung; (not yet) sie ahnt noch nichts; ( form)

never did I hear such a terrible noise noch nie habe ich so ein schreckliches Geräusch gehört

5. (replacing verb)

she runs much faster than he \does sie läuft viel schneller als er

he said he wouldn't come, but fortunately he did er meinte, dass er nicht kommen würde, aber glücklicherweise tat er es dann doch

\do you like Chopin? — yes, I \do/no, I \don't mögen Sie Chopin? — ja/nein

who ate the cake? — I did!/didn't! wer hat den Kuchen gegessen? — ich!/ich nicht!

I don't like Chinese food — nor [or neither] \do I/I \do ich esse nicht gerne Chinesisch — ich auch nicht/ich schon

... so \do I... ich auch

so you don't like her — I \do! du magst sie also nicht — doch!

6. (requesting affirmation)

you don't understand the question, \do you? Sie verstehen die Frage nicht, stimmt's?

you do understand what I mean, \don't you? du verstehst [doch], was ich meine, oder?

7. (expressing surprise)

so they really got married, did they? dann haben sie also wirklich geheiratet!

II. TRANSITIVE VERB

<does, did, done>

1. (perform)

▪ to \do sth etw tun [o machen]

what shall I \do now? was soll ich jetzt machen?

just \do it! mach's einfach!

what are you \doing over the weekend? was machst du am Wochenende?

haven't you got anything better to \do? hast du nichts Besseres zu tun?

justice must be done Gerechtigkeit muss sein

he \does nothing but complain er beklagt sich echt den ganzen Tag lang fam

what have you done to her? was hast du mit ihr gemacht?

what are these toys \doing here? was macht das [ganze] Spielzeug hier?

what's the front door \doing open? warum steht die Haustür offen?

what on earth are you \doing [there]! was um alles in der Welt machst du denn da?

I'm sorry, it simply can't be done before next weekend tut mir leid, aber vor dem nächsten Wochenende geht es einfach nicht

that was a stupid thing to \do das war dumm!

what have you done with my coat? wo hast du meinen Mantel hingetan?

to \do one's best sein Bestes tun [o geben]

to \do business with sb mit jdm Geschäfte machen fam

to \do lunch esp AM auswärts zu Mittag essen

to \do nothing of the sort nichts dergleichen tun

2. (undertake)

▪ to \do sth with sb/oneself etw mit jdm/sich anfangen

what am I going to \do with myself while you are away? was soll ich nur die ganze Zeit machen, wenn du nicht da bist

3. (help)

▪ to \do sth for sb etw für jdn tun

what can I \do for you? was kann ich für Sie tun?

you never \do anything for me! du tust nie was für mich!

can you \do anything for my bad back, doctor? können Sie was gegen meine Rückenbeschwerden tun, Herr Doktor?

these pills have done nothing for me diese Pillen haben mir überhaupt nicht geholfen

4. (use for)

▪ to \do sth with sth etw mit etw dat tun

what are you going to \do with that hammer? was hast du mit dem Hammer vor?

what should we \do with this box? was sollen wir mit dieser Kiste machen?

5. (job)

to \do sth for a living mit etw dat seinen Lebensunterhalt verdienen

what \does your mother \do? was macht deine Mutter beruflich?

6. (take action)

▪ to \do sth about sth etw gegen etw akk tun

I know I drink too much, but I can't \do anything about it ich weiß, dass ich zu viel trinke, aber ich kann nichts dagegen tun

what is to be done about that? was kann man dagegen tun?

\don't just stand there, \do something! stehen Sie doch nicht nur so rum, tun Sie was!

7. (deal with)

▪ to \do sth etw machen [o erledigen]

if you \do the washing up,... wenn du abspülst,...

let me \do the talking überlass mir das Reden

today we're going to \do Chapter 4 heute beschäftigen wir uns mit Kapitel 4

I found someone to \do the garden wall ich habe jemanden gefunden, der die Gartenmauer bauen wird

to \do one's homework [seine] Hausaufgaben machen

to \do the shopping einkaufen

8. (learn)

▪ to \do sth:

have you ever done any Chinese? hast du jemals Chinesisch gelernt?

Diane did History at London University Diane hat an der London University Geschichte [im Hauptfach] studiert

9. (solve)

▪ to \do sth riddle etw lösen

to \do a crossword ein Kreuzworträtsel lösen [o fam machen]

can you \do this sum for me? kannst du das für mich zusammenrechnen?

10. ( fam: finish)

▪ to be done:

are you done? bist du jetzt fertig? fam

11. (produce)

▪ to \do sth for sb [or sb sth] etw für jdn machen

can you \do me 20 photocopies of this report? kannst du mir diesen Bericht 20-mal abziehen?

12. (tidy)

to \do the dishes das Geschirr abspülen [o SCHWEIZ abwaschen]

to \do one's nails (varnish) sich dat die Nägel lackieren; (cut) sich dat die Nägel schneiden

to \do one's shoes seine Schuhe putzen

to \do one's teeth sich dat die Zähne putzen

13. (arrange)

to \do a bow tie eine Schleife binden

to \do flowers Blumen arrangieren

to get one's hair done zum Friseur [o SCHWEIZ Coiffeur] gehen

where \do you get your hair done? zu welchem Friseur gehst du?

14. (visit)

▪ to \do sth etw besichtigen

to \do India eine Indienreise machen

to \do Nice sich dat Nizza ansehen

15. AUTO

to \do 100 km/h 100 fahren fam

16. (travel)

to \do Paris to Bordeaux in five hours in fünf Stunden von Paris nach Bordeaux fahren

17. (suffice)

▪ to \do sb jdm genügen

that'll \do me nicely, thank you das reicht mir dicke, danke! fam

I only have diet cola — will that \do you? ich habe nur Diätcola — trinkst du die auch?

18. (provide)

▪ to \do sth:

this pub only \does food at lunchtime in diesem Pub gibt es nur zur Mittagszeit etwas zu essen

\do you \do travel insurance as well? bieten Sie auch Reiseversicherungen an?

sorry, we \don't \do hot meals tut mir leid, bei uns gibt es nur kalte Küche

19. (cook)

to \do the cooking kochen

how long should the carrots be done for? wie lange müssen die Karotten kochen?

could you \do me something without fish? könntest du mir etwas ohne Fisch kochen?

20. (cause)

▪ to \do sb sth jdm etw tun

to \do sb a favour jdm einen Gefallen tun

to \do sb good jdm gut tun

it would \do you good to get some fresh air es würde dir gut tun, etwas frische Luft zu schnappen

to \do sb harm jdm schaden; see also credit, honour, justice

21. esp BRIT (serve)

▪ to \do sb jdn drannehmen

but he said he'd \do me next aber er sagte, dass ich als Nächste drankäme!

22. (treat well)

to \do sb well jdn verwöhnen

to \do oneself well es sich dat gutgehen lassen

23. (act)

▪ to \do sth play etw aufführen

to \do a role eine Rolle spielen

who did James Bond before Roger Moore? wer hat James Bond vor Roger Moore gespielt?

24. (impersonate)

▪ to \do sb/sth jdn/etw nachmachen

he \does a brilliant Churchill er kann Churchill wunderbar nachmachen; ( fig)

I hope she won't \do a Mary and get divorced six months after her wedding ich hoffe, sie macht es nicht wie Mary und lässt sich sechs Monate nach ihrer Hochzeit wieder scheiden

25. ( fam sl: rob)

▪ to \do sth in etw dat einen Bruch machen sl

26. ( fam: cheat)

▪ to \do sb jdn übers Ohr hauen fam

he did me for a thousand quid for that car er hat mir einen Tausender für das Auto abgeknöpft

27. ( fam: be in jail)

to \do 5 years [for sth] [wegen einer S. gen] fünf Jahre sitzen

if you're not careful, you'll end up \doing time again wenn du nicht vorsichtig bist, musst du wieder sitzen

28. esp BRIT ( fam: punish)

▪ to \do sb jdn fertigmachen fam

to get done for sth (by the police) wegen einer S. gen von der Polizei angehalten werden; (by a court) für etw akk verurteilt werden

29. ( fam: take drugs)

▪ to \do sth:

how long have you been \doing heroin? wie lange nimmst du schon Heroin?

30. (translate)

to be done into French/German book ins Französische/Deutsche übersetzt worden sein

to \do a translation übersetzen

31. (exhaust)

▪ to have done sb:

this last climb has really done me diese letzte Tour hat mir wirklich den Rest gegeben

32. ( fam: impress)

sth \does nothing for sb etw reißt jdn nicht gerade vom Hocker fam

Bach has never done anything for me Bach hat mich noch nie sonderlich vom Hocker gerissen fam

that film really did something to me dieser Film hat mich wirklich beeindruckt; (excite sexually)

you really \do something to me, you know du machst mich echt an, weißt du [das] fam

33. ( euph fam: have sex)

▪ to \do it with sb mit jdm schlafen euph

how old were you when you first did it? wie alt warst du bei deinem ersten Mal?

34. (don't mention)

\don't good morning me! komm mir nicht mit guten Morgen!

35.

▶ what's done cannot be undone ( prov)

▶ what's done is done ( saying) was passiert ist, ist passiert

▶ that \does it! so, das war's jetzt!

▶ that's done it! jetzt haben wir die Bescherung! fam

III. INTRANSITIVE VERB

<does, did, done>

1. (behave)

to \do right [or the right thing] das Richtige tun

to \do well to do sth gut daran tun, etw zu tun

to \do as one pleases tun, was einem Spaß macht

\do as I \do mach's wie ich fam

\do as you're told tu, was man dir sagt

2. (fare)

sb is \doing badly/fine [or all right] [or well] jdm geht es schlecht/gut

mother and baby are \doing well Mutter und Kind sind wohlauf

how is your mother \doing? wie geht es deiner Mutter?

how is Mary \doing in her new job? wie geht es Mary in ihrem neuen Job?

you could \do better du könntest besser sein; (perform) du könntest es besser machen

George has done well for himself George hat es für seine Verhältnisse weit gebracht

our daughter is \doing well at school unsere Tochter ist gut in der Schule

to be \doing well out of sth erfolgreich mit etw dat sein

3. ( fam: finish)

have you done? bist du fertig?

have you done with those scissors yet? brauchst du die Schere noch?

I haven't done with you yet ich bin noch nicht fertig mit dir

4. (be acceptable, suffice) passen, in Ordnung sein

that'll \do das ist o.k. so

will £10 \do? reichen 10 Pfund?

this kind of behaviour just won't \do! so ein Verhalten geht einfach nicht an!

do you think this will \do for a blanket? glaubst du, das können wir als Decke nehmen?

that'll \do as a cushion das geht [erstmal] als Kissen

this will \do just fine as a table das wird einen guten Tisch abgeben

this will have to \do for a meal das muss als Essen genügen

will this room \do? ist dieses Zimmer o.k. für Sie?

it doesn't \do to criticize your parents seine Eltern kritisiert man nicht

will it \do if I get those books to you by Friday? reicht es, wenn ich dir die Bücher bis Freitag bringe?

we'll make \do with $100 100 Dollar müssen reichen

that will never \do das geht einfach nicht

▪ to \do [for sb] sich akk [für jdn] eignen

5. ( fam: happen)

this town is so boring — there's never anything \doing diese Stadt ist so langweilig — nie tut sich was

6.

▶ it isn't done BRIT es ist nicht üblich

▶ how \do you \do? ( form or dated: as introduction) angenehm

▶ \do unto others as you would they should \do unto you ( prov) was du nicht willst, das man dir tut, das füg auch keinem andern zu prov

▶ what's \doing? ( fam) was ist los?

▶ that will \do jetzt reicht's aber!

IV. NOUN

1. esp BRIT, AUS ( fam: party) Fete f fam

a big \do eine Riesenfete fam

2. BRIT (sl: swindle) Schwindel m fam

3. BRIT ( fam: treatment)

fair \dos gleiches Recht für alle

4. AM (sl)

that's some \do you've got! das ist ja eine Frisur, die du da hast!

5. no pl (droppings)

dog \do Hundehäufchen nt

6. (allowed, not allowed)

the \dos and \don'ts was man tun und was man nicht tun sollte

* * *
I [dəʊ]
n (MUS)
Do nt II [duː] vb: pret did, ptp done
1. AUXILIARY VERB
There is no equivalent in German to the use of do in questions, negative statements and negative commands.
1)

interrogative, negative do you understand? — verstehen Sie?

I don't or do not understand — ich verstehe nicht

what did he say? — was hat er gesagt?

didn't you or did you not know? — haben Sie das nicht gewusst?

don't be silly! — sei nicht albern!

2) in question tags oder

you know him, don't you? — Sie kennen ihn doch?, Sie kennen ihn (doch), oder?

you don't know him, do you? — Sie kennen ihn also nicht, oder?

so you know them, do you? (in surprise) — Sie kennen sie also wirklich or tatsächlich!

he does understand, doesn't he? —

he didn't go, did he? — er ist (doch) nicht gegangen, oder?

3)

substitute for another verb you speak better German than I do — Sie sprechen besser Deutsch als ich

he likes cheese and so do I — er isst gern Käse und ich auch

he doesn't like cheese and neither do I — er mag keinen Käse und ich auch nicht

I don't like cheese but he does — ich mag keinen Käse, aber er schon

they said he would go and he did — sie sagten, er würde gehen und das tat er (dann) auch

4)

in tag responses do you see them often? – yes, I do/no, I don't — sehen Sie sie oft? – ja/nein

do you serve food? – yes, we do — gibts bei Ihnen Essen? – ja

you didn't go, did you? – yes, I did — Sie sind nicht gegangen, oder? – doch

they speak French – oh, do they? — sie sprechen Französisch – ja?, ach, wirklich or tatsächlich?

they speak German – do they really? — sie sprechen Deutsch – wirklich?

may I come in? – do! — darf ich hereinkommen? – ja, bitte

shall I open the window? – no, don't! — soll ich das Fenster öffnen? – nein, bitte nicht!

who broke the window? – I did — wer hat das Fenster eingeschlagen? – ich

5)

for emphasis DO come! (esp Brit) — kommen Sie doch (bitte)!

DO shut up! (esp Brit) — (nun) sei doch (endlich) ruhig!

do tell him that... (esp Brit) —

well do I remember him! — und ob ich mich an ihn erinnere!

it's very expensive, but I DO like it — es ist zwar sehr teuer, aber es gefällt mir nun mal

so you DO know them! — Sie kennen sie also doch!

2. TRANSITIVE VERB

1) tun, machen

I've done a stupid thing —

to do sth again — etw noch (ein)mal tun or machen

sorry, it's impossible, it can't be done — tut mir leid, (ist) ausgeschlossen, es lässt sich nicht machen

can you do it by yourself? —

we did the journey in eight hours — wir haben die Fahrt in acht Stunden geschafft

to do the housework/one's homework —

who did the choreography/the cover design? we'll have to get someone to do the roof — wer hat die Choreografie/den Umschlagentwurf gemacht? wir müssen jemanden bestellen, der das Dach macht (inf)

could you do this letter please — tippen Sie bitte diesen Brief

you do the painting and I'll do the papering — du streichst an und ich tapeziere

he does the film crits for the magazine — er schreibt die Filmkritiken für die Zeitschrift

to do the flowers — die Blumen arrangieren

to do one's make-up — sich schminken

to do one's hair — sich frisieren, sich (dat) die Haare (zurecht)machen (inf)

to do one's nails — sich (dat) die Nägel schneiden or (varnish) lackieren

to do one's teeth (Brit) — sich (dat) die Zähne putzen

to do the dishes — spülen, den Abwasch machen

to do the washing — Wäsche waschen

to do the ironing — bügeln

he knows it's a mistake but he can't do anything about it — er weiß, dass es ein Fehler ist, aber er kann nichts dagegen machen or daran ändern

are you doing anything this evening? — haben Sie heute Abend schon etwas vor?

we'll have to do something about this/him — wir müssen da/wir müssen mit ihm etwas tun or unternehmen

do something for me, will you... shut up — tu mir bloß den (einen) Gefallen und halt den Mund

does that do anything for you? — macht dich das an? (inf)

Brecht doesn't do anything for me — Brecht lässt mich kalt (inf) or sagt mir nichts

I've done everything I can — ich habe alles getan, was ich kann

I've got nothing to do — ich habe nichts zu tun

I shall do nothing of the sort — ich werde nichts dergleichen tun

he does nothing but complain — er nörgelt immer nur, er tut nichts als nörgeln (inf)

what's to be done? — was ist da zu tun?

but what can you do? — aber was kann man da machen?

what do you want me to do (about it)? — und was soll ich da tun or machen?

well, do what you can — mach or tu (eben), was du kannst

what have you done to him? — was haben Sie mit ihm gemacht?

now what have you done! — was hast du jetzt bloß wieder angestellt or gemacht?

what are you doing on Saturday? — was machen or tun Sie am Sonnabend?

what do I have to do to get through to him? — was muss ich tun, um zu ihm durchzukommen?

what shall we do for money? — wie machen wir es mit Geld?

how do you do it? — wie macht man das?; (in amazement) wie machen Sie das bloß? __diams; that's done it (inf) so, da haben wirs!, da haben wir die Bescherung! (inf) __diams; that does it! jetzt reichts mir!

2)

as job, profession what does your father do? — was macht Ihr Vater (beruflich)?

3)

= provide service, product what can I do for you? — was kann ich für Sie tun?; (by shop assistant) was darfs sein?

sorry, we don't do lunches — wir haben leider keinen Mittagstisch

we do a wide range of herbal teas —

we only do one style of gloves (= sell) (= produce) — wir haben or führen nur eine Sorte Handschuhe wir stellen nur eine Sorte Handschuhe her

who did the food for your reception? — wer hat bei Ihrem Empfang für das Essen gesorgt?

4)

= complete, finish in pret, ptp only the work's done now — die Arbeit ist gemacht or getan or fertig

what's done cannot be undone — was geschehen ist, kann man nicht ungeschehen machen

or I'm not done telling you what I think of you — mit dir bin ich noch lange nicht fertig

are you done? (inf) — bist du endlich or schon (iro) fertig?

5) = study, cover durchnehmen, haben

we've done Milton — wir haben Milton gelesen or durchgenommen

I've never done any German — ich habe nie Deutsch gelernt or gehabt

6) COOK machen (inf)

to do the cooking — kochen

how do you like your steak done? — wie möchten Sie Ihr Steak?

well done — durch(gebraten)

is the meat done? — ist das Fleisch fertig (gebraten) or durch?

7) = solve lösen; sum, crossword, puzzle etc lösen, machen

8) = take customer drannehmen

the barber said he'd do me next — der Friseur sagte, er würde mich als Nächsten drannehmen

9) Theat, Film part spielen

to do Hamlet — den Hamlet spielen

10) = take off, mimic nachmachen

he does a brilliant Charlie Chaplin — er kann Charlie Chaplin hervorragend nachmachen

she does the worried mother very convincingly — sie spielt die besorgte Mutter sehr überzeugend

11) = visit, see sights of city, country, museum besuchen, abhaken (inf)

12) AUT ETC fahren, machen (inf)

this car does or can do or will do 100 — das Auto fährt or macht (inf) 100

13)

= treat (Brit inf) they do you very well at that hotel — in dem Hotel ist man gut untergebracht or aufgehoben

they do you very well at that restaurant — in dem Restaurant isst man sehr gut __diams; to do oneself well es sich (dat) gut gehen lassen

14) = be suitable for inf passen (sb jdm); (= be sufficient for) reichen (sb jdm)

that will do me nicely — das reicht dicke (inf) or allemal

15) = cheat inf übers Ohr hauen (inf), reinlegen (inf)

you've been done! — du bist reingelegt or übers Ohr gehauen worden

I was done for £80 — mit £ 80 hat man mich ganz schön übers Ohr gehauen (inf)

16) = burgle inf einbrechen in (+acc)

the office was done last night — im Büro ist gestern Nacht ein Bruch gemacht worden (sl)

17)

= hurt Brit inf I'll do you! — dir besorg ichs noch! (inf)

18)

= tire out (inf) I'm absolutely done (in)! — ich bin völlig geschafft or erledigt or fertig (all inf)

19) = take inf drugs nehmen

20) in prison inf 6 years etc sitzen, abreißen (inf)

21)

= translate (old, liter) done into (the) English by... — ins Englische übertragen von...

3. INTRANSITIVE VERB

1)

= act do as I do — mach es wie ich

he did well to take advice — er tat gut daran, sich beraten zu lassen

he did right — er hat richtig gehandelt, es war richtig von ihm

he did right/well to go — es war richtig/gut, dass er gegangen ist

2)

= get on, fare how are you doing? — wie gehts (Ihnen)?

I'm not doing so badly — es geht mir gar nicht so schlecht

the patient is doing very well — dem Patienten geht es recht ordentlich

he's doing well at school — er ist gut in der Schule

his business is doing well — sein Geschäft geht gut

the roses are doing well this year — die Rosen stehen dieses Jahr gut

when my uncle died I did quite well — als mein Onkel starb, bin ich ganz gut dabei weggekommen __diams; how do you do? (on introduction) guten Tag/Abend!, angenehm! (form) __diams; what's doing? (inf) was ist los?

3) = be suitable gehen

that will never do! — das geht nicht!

this room will do — das Zimmer geht (inf) or ist in Ordnung

will it do if I come back at 8? — geht es, wenn ich um 8 Uhr zurück bin?

it doesn't do to keep a lady waiting —

will she/it do? — geht sie/das?

4) = be sufficient reichen

can you lend me some money? – will £10 do? —

yes, that'll do — ja, das reicht

you'll have to make do with £10 — £ 10 müssen Ihnen reichen, Sie werden mit £ 10 auskommen müssen __diams; that'll do! jetzt reichts aber!

4. NOUN (Brit inf)

1) = event Veranstaltung f, Sache f (inf); (= party) Fete f (inf)

she had a big do for her eighteenth birthday — an ihrem achtzehnten Geburtstag stieg bei ihr eine Riesenfete (inf)

2) = swindle (Brit) Schwindel m

the whole thing was a do from start to finish — die ganze Sache war von vorne bis hinten ein Schwindel

3) = hairdo esp US Frisur f, Schnitt m

5. dosPLURAL NOUN

the dos and don'ts — was man tun und nicht tun sollte

fair dos (inf) — gleiches Recht für alle

* * *

do¹ [duː; unbetont dʊ; də] prät did [dıd], pperf done [dʌn], 3. sg präs does [dʌz; unbetont dəz]

A v/t

1. tun, machen:

what can I do (for you)? was kann ich (für Sie) tun?, womit kann ich (Ihnen) dienen?;

do sth for sb etwas für jemanden erledigen;

what does he do? was macht er beruflich?, was ist er von Beruf?;

are you doing anything tonight? hast du heute Abend (schon) etwas vor?;

do sth about etwas tun gegen;

what is to be done ( oder to do)? was ist zu tun?, was soll geschehen?;

if it were to do again wenn es noch einmal getan werden müsste;

you can’t do this to me! das kannst du nicht mit mir machen!;

you couldn’t do that to me! das kannst du mir (doch) nicht antun!;

what have you done to my suit? was haben Sie mit meinem Anzug gemacht?;

he promised to do sth er versprach, etwas zu unternehmen;

she did no more than look at him sie sah ihn nur an;

he does not know what to do with his time er weiß nicht, was er mit seiner Zeit anfangen soll;

do sth together etwas gemeinsam oder zusammen unternehmen;

don’t do anything I wouldn’t do hum bleib sauber!; → do with

2. tun, ausführen, vollbringen, Arbeiten verrichten, Verbrechen begehen:

do one’s lessons SCHULE seine (Haus)Aufgaben machen;

he did all the writing er hat alles allein geschrieben;

he did all the talking er führte die Unterhaltung ganz allein, auch ich bin überhaupt nicht zu Wort gekommen;

let me do the talking lass mich sprechen;

it can’t be done es geht nicht, es ist undurchführbar;

the machine does the rest die Maschine erledigt den Rest;

the storm did a lot of material damage der Sturm richtete großen Sachschaden an;

do you think he did it? glaubst du, dass er es getan hat oder dass er es war?; → done B 1, B 2

3. tätigen, machen: → business A 3, A 13

4. tun, leisten, vollbringen:

do one’s best sein Bestes tun, sich alle Mühe geben

5. anfertigen, herstellen, ein Kunstwerk etc auch schaffen:

do a portrait ein Porträt malen;

do a translation eine Übersetzung machen oder anfertigen

6. jemandem etwas (an)tun, zufügen, erweisen: → favor B 2, good A 1, A 2, harm A 1, honor B 1, etc

7. einbringen: → credit A 5

8. erzielen, erreichen:

I did it! ich habe es geschafft!;

now you have done it! iron nun hast du es glücklich geschafft!

9. sich beschäftigen mit, arbeiten an (dat)

10. Speisen zubereiten, besonders kochen oder braten

11. in Ordnung bringen, z. B.

a) das Geschirr abwaschen: → dish A 1 c

b) das Zimmer aufräumen, machen umg

12. herrichten, dekorieren, schmücken

13. (her)richten:

she is having her nails done sie lässt sich maniküren;

he had his teeth done er ließ sich die Zähne richten; → face A 1, hair Bes Redew

14. a) eine Fremdsprache etc lernen

b) einen Autor etc durchnehmen, behandeln

15. eine Aufgabe lösen

16. obs übersetzen, -tragen ( beide:

into German ins Deutsche)

17. a) eine Rolle etc spielen, einen Charakter darstellen:

do Othello den Othello spielen;

do the polite den höflichen Mann spielen oder markieren;

do the host den Gastgeber spielen

b) nachahmen:

he can do all his friends

18. zurücklegen, machen, schaffen umg:

they did 20 miles sie legten 20 Meilen zurück;

the car does 100 m.p.h. der Wagen fährt 160 km/h

19. umg besichtigen, die Sehenswürdigkeiten besichtigen von (oder gen):

do Rome in three days Rom in drei Tagen besichtigen oder umg machen

20. umg genügen (dat):

it will do us for the moment

21. umg erschöpfen, erledigen umg:

they were pretty well done sie waren am Ende (ihrer Kräfte)

22. umg

a) jemanden erledigen, fertigmachen:

I’ll do him in three rounds

b) drannehmen (Friseur etc):

I’ll do you next, sir

23. sl reinlegen, übers Ohr hauen, anschmieren:

do sb out of sth jemanden um etwas erleichtern oder betrügen oder bringen; → brown A

24. sl eine Strafe abbrummen:

he did two years in prison er hat zwei Jahre abgerissen;

he did three months for theft er saß drei Monate wegen Diebstahls

25. umg

a) bewirten

b) unterbringen:

they do you very well here hier werden Sie gut bewirtet; hier sind Sie gut untergebracht

26. behandeln: → well¹ A 1

27. bringen (obs außer in):

do to death töten, umbringen

28. sl einen Bruch machen in (dat), einbrechen in (akk oder dat), ein Auto etc aufbrechen

29. umg bumsen (schlafen mit)

B v/i

1. handeln, vorgehen, tun, sich verhalten:

the premier would do wisely to resign der Premier würde klug handeln oder wäre gut beraten, wenn er zurückträte; → well¹ A 1, A 2

2. (tätig) handeln, wirken:

do or die kämpfen od untergehen;

it’s do or die now! jetzt gehts ums Ganze!

3. weiter-, vorankommen:

do well

a) vorwärtskommen, Erfolge haben ( beide:

with bei, mit), gut abschneiden (in bei, in dat),

b) gut gedeihen (Getreide etc)( → B 4, B 5);

do better sich verbessern

4. Leistungen vollbringen:

do well

a) seine Sache gut machen,

b) viel Geld verdienen ( → B 3, B 5);

he did better than expected er schnitt besser als erwartet ab;

his son is doing well at school seinem Sohn geht es in der Schule gut

5. sich befinden:

do well

a) gesund sein,

b) in guten Verhältnissen leben,

c) sich gut erholen ( → B 3, B 4);

how do you do? guten Tag! (bei der Vorstellung)

6. auskommen, zurande kommen

7. genügen, (aus)reichen, passen, dem Zweck entsprechen oder dienen:

that will (not) do das genügt oder reicht (nicht);

it will do tomorrow es hat Zeit bis morgen;

we’ll make it do wir werden schon damit auskommen

8. angehen, recht sein, sich schicken, passen:

that won’t do!

a) das geht nicht (an)!,

b) das wird nicht gehen!;

it won’t do to be rude mit Grobheit kommt man nicht weit(er), man darf nicht unhöflich sein

9. (im pprerfect) aufhören:

have done! hör auf!, genug (davon)!;

let us have done with it! hören wir auf damit!; → done B 5

C Ersatzverb zur Vermeidung von Wiederholungen v/t & v/i tun (bleibt meist unübersetzt):

he treats his children as I do my dogs er behandelt seine Kinder wie ich meine Hunde;

you know it as well as I do du weißt es so gut wie ich;

he sang better than he had ever done before er sang besser, als (er) je zuvor (gesungen hatte);

she likes cats. so do I ich auch;

he does not work hard, does he? er arbeitet nicht viel, nicht wahr?;

he works hard, doesn’t he? er arbeitet viel, nicht wahr?;

did he buy it? he did ja(wohl);

do you understand? I don’t nein;

he sold his car. did he? wirklich?, so?;

I wanted to go there, and I did so ich wollte hingehen und tat es auch

D Hilfsverb

1. zur Umschreibung in Fragesätzen:

do you know him? kennen Sie ihn?

2. zur Umschreibung in mit not verneinten Sätzen:

I do not believe it ich glaube es nicht;

do not go there gehen Sie nicht hin!;

don’t tun Sie es nicht!, lassen Sie das!

3. zur Verstärkung:

I do apologize tut mir wirklich leid;

you do ask questions du stellst vielleicht Fragen;

do sit down nehmen Sie doch bitte Platz;

I do like it mir gefällt es wirklich;

but I do see it! aber ich sehe es doch!;

I did see it, but ich sah es wohl oder zwar, aber;

do try to understand it versteh das doch;

be quiet, do sei doch still!

4. iron I do enjoy a quiet evening at home es geht doch nichts über einen ruhigen Abend zu Hause

5. bei Umkehrung der normalen Wortstellung nach voranstehendem hardly, little, rarely etc:

rarely does one see such things solche Dinge sieht man (nur) selten

do² [duː] pl dos, do’s [duːz] s

1. sl Schwindel m, Gaunerei f

2. besonders Br umg Fete f, Feier f

3. fair do’s!

a) sei nicht unfair!,

b) gleiches Recht für alle!

4. pl umg Gebote pl:

do’s and don’ts Gebote und Verbote, (Spiel)Regeln

do³ [dəʊ] s MUS do n (Solmisationssilbe)

* * *
I 1. transitive verb,
neg. coll. don't, pres. t. he does, neg. (coll.) doesn't, p.t. did, neg. (coll.) didn't, pres. p. doing, p.p. done

1) (perform) machen [Hausaufgaben, Hausarbeit, Examen, Handstand]; vollbringen [Tat]; tun, erfüllen [Pflicht]; tun, verrichten [Arbeit]; ausführen [Malerarbeiten]; vorführen [Trick, Striptease, Nummer, Tanz]; durchführen [Test]; aufführen [Stück]; singen [Lied]; mitmachen [Rennen, Wettbewerb]; spielen [Musikstück, Rolle]; tun [Buße]

do the shopping/washing up/cleaning — einkaufen [gehen]/abwaschen/sauber machen

do a lot of reading/walking — etc. viel lesen/spazieren gehen usw.

do a dance/the foxtrot — tanzen/Foxtrott tanzen

have nothing to do — nichts zu tun haben

do something to something/somebody — etwas mit etwas/jemandem machen

what can I do for you? — was kann ich für Sie tun?; (in shop) was darf's sein?

do something about something/somebody — etwas gegen etwas/jemanden unternehmen

not know what to do with oneself — nicht wissen, was man machen soll

that does it — jetzt reicht's (ugs.)

that's done it — (caused a change for the worse) das hat das Fass zum Überlaufen gebracht; (caused a change for the better) das hätten wir

that will/should do it — so müsste es gehen; (is enough) das müsste genügen

do a Garbo — (coll.) es der Garbo (Dat.) gleichtun

how many miles has this car done? — wie viele Kilometer hat der Wagen gefahren?

the car does/was doing about 100 m.p.h./does 45 miles to the gallon — das Auto schafft/fuhr mit ungefähr 160 Stundenkilometer/frisst (ugs.) od. braucht sechs Liter pro 100 Kilometer

2) (spend)

do a spell in the armed forces — eine Zeit lang bei der Armee sein

how much longer have you to do at college? — wie lange musst du noch aufs College gehen?

3) (produce) machen [Übersetzung, Kopie]; anfertigen [Bild, Skulptur]; herstellen [Artikel, Produkte]; schaffen [Pensum]

4) (provide) haben [Vollpension, Mittagstisch]; (coll.): (offer for sale) führen

5) (prepare) machen [Bett, Frühstück]; (work on) machen (ugs.), fertig machen [Garten, Hecke]; (clean) sauber machen; putzen [Schuhe, Fenster]; machen (ugs.) [Treppe]; (arrange) [zurecht]machen [Haare]; fertig machen [Korrespondenz, Zimmer]; (make up) schminken [Lippen, Augen, Gesicht]; machen (ugs.) [Nägel]; (cut) schneiden [Nägel]; schneiden [Gras, Hecke]; (paint) machen (ugs.) [Zimmer]; streichen [Haus, Möbel]; (attend to) sich kümmern um [Bücher, Rechnungen, Korrespondenz]; (repair) in Ordnung bringen

6) (cook) braten

well done — durch[gebraten]

7) (solve) lösen [Problem, Rätsel]; machen [Puzzle, Kreuzworträtsel]

8) (study, work at) machen; haben [Abiturfach]

9) (sl.): (swindle) reinlegen (ugs.)

do somebody out of something — jemanden um etwas bringen

10) (sl.): (defeat, kill) fertig machen (ugs.)

11) (traverse) schaffen [Entfernung]

12) (sl.): (undergo) absitzen, (salopp) abreißen [Strafe]

13) (coll.): (visit) besuchen

do Europe in three weeks — Europa in drei Wochen absolvieren od. abhaken (ugs.)

14) (satisfy) zusagen (+ Dat.); (suffice for, last) reichen (+ Dat.)
2. intransitive verb, forms as
1.

1) (act) tun; (perform) spielen

you can do just as you like — du kannst machen, was du willst

do as they do — mach es wie sie

do or die — kämpfen oder untergehen

2) (fare)

how are you doing? — wie geht's dir?

3) (get on) vorankommen; (in exams) abschneiden

how are you doing at school? — wie geht es in der Schule?

do well/badly at school — gut/schlecht in der Schule sein

4)

how do you do? — (formal) guten Tag/Morgen/Abend!

5) (coll.): (manage)

how are we doing for time? — wie steht es mit der Zeit od. (ugs.) sieht es mit der Zeit aus?

6) (serve purpose) es tun; (suffice) [aus]reichen; (be suitable) gehen

that won't do — das geht nicht

that will do! — jetzt aber genug!

7) (be usable)

do for or as something — als etwas benutzt werden können

8) (happen)

what's doing? — was ist los?

there's nothing doing on the job market — es tut sich nichts auf dem Arbeitsmarkt (ugs.)

Nothing doing. He's not interested — Nichts zu machen (ugs.). Er ist nicht interessiert. See also doing; done
3. verb substitute, forms as
1.

1) replacing v.: usually not translated

you mustn't act as he does — du darfst nicht so wie er handeln

2) replacing v. and obj. etc

he read the Bible every day as his father did before him — er las täglich in der Bibel, wie es schon sein Vater vor ihm getan hatte od. wie schon vor ihm sein Vater

as they did in the Middle Ages — wie sie es im Mittelalter taten

3) as ellipt. aux

You went to Paris, didn't you? - Yes, I did — Du warst doch in Paris, oder od. nicht wahr? - Ja[, stimmt od. war ich]

4) with ‘so’, ‘it’, etc

I knew John Lennon. - So did I — Ich kannte John Lennon. - Ich auch

go ahead and do it — nur zu

5) in tag questions

I know you from somewhere, don't I? — wir kennen uns doch irgendwoher, nicht?
4. auxiliary verb
+ inf. as pres. or past, forms as 1.

1) for special emphasis

I do love Greece — Griechenland gefällt mir wirklich gut

I do apologize — es tut mit wirklich leid

you do look glum — du siehst ja so bedrückt aus

but I tell you, I did see him — aber ich sage dir doch, dass ich ihn gesehen habe

2) for inversion

little did he know that... — er hatte keine Ahnung, dass...

3) in questions

do you know him? — kennst du ihn?

what does he want? — was will er?

didn't they look wonderful? — haben sie nicht wunderhübsch ausgesehen?

4) in negation

I don't or do not wish to take part — ich möchte nicht teilnehmen

5) in neg. commands

don't or do not expect to find him in a good mood — erwarten Sie nicht, dass Sie ihn in guter Stimmung antreffen

children, do not forget... — Kinder, vergesst [ja] nicht...

don't be so noisy! — seid [doch] nicht so laut!

don't! — tu's/tut's/tun Sie's nicht!

6) + inf. as imper. for emphasis etc

do sit down, won't you? — bitte setzen Sie sich doch!

do be quiet, Paul! — Paul, sei doch mal ruhig!

do hurry up! — beeil dich doch!

Phrasal Verbs:

- do away with

- do by

- do down

- do for

- do in

- do out

- do up

- do with

- do without
II noun
, pl. dos or do's

1) (sl.): (swindle) Schwindel, der; krumme Sache (ugs.)

2) (Brit. coll.): (festivity) Feier, die; Fete, die (ugs.)

3) in pl.

the dos and don'ts — die Ge- und Verbote (of Gen.)

* * *

v.

(§ p.,p.p.: did, done)

= ausführen v.

tun v.

(§ p.,pp.: tat, getan)

English-german dictionary > do
12 bite

1. transitive verb,
bit, bitten beißen; (sting) [Moskito usw.:] stechen

bite one's nails — an den Nägeln kauen; (fig.) wie auf Kohlen sitzen

bite one's lip — (lit. or fig.) sich (Dat.) auf die Lippen beißen

he won't bite you — (fig. coll.) er wird dich schon nicht beißen

bite the hand that feeds one — (fig.) sich [seinem Gönner gegenüber] undankbar zeigen

bite the dust — (fig.) daran glauben müssen (ugs.)

what's biting or bitten you? — (fig. coll.) was ist mit dir los?; was hast du denn?
2. intransitive verb,
bit, bitten

1) beißen; (sting) stechen; [Rad:] fassen, greifen; [Schraube:] fassen; (take bait, lit. or fig.) anbeißen

2) (have an effect) sich auswirken; greifen
3. noun
1) (act) Biss, der; (piece) Bissen, der; (wound) Bisswunde, die; (by mosquito etc.) Stich, der

he took a bite of the apple — er biss in den Apfel

can I have a bite? — darf ich mal [ab]beißen?

2) (taking of bait) [An]beißen, das

I haven't had a bite all day — es hat den ganzen Tag noch keiner angebissen

3) (food) Happen, der; Bissen, der

I haven't had a bite [to eat] since breakfast — ich habe seit dem Frühstück nichts mehr gegessen

have a bite to eat — eine Kleinigkeit essen

4) (incisiveness) Bissigkeit, die; Schärfe, die

Phrasal Verbs:

- academic.ru/84648/bite_off">bite off

* * *
1. past tense - bit; verb
(to seize, grasp or tear (something) with the teeth or jaws: The dog bit his leg; He was bitten by a mosquito.) bißen
2. noun
1) (an act of biting or the piece or place bitten: a bite from the apple; a mosquito bite.) der Biß

2) (the nibble of a fish on the end of one's line: I've been fishing for hours without a bite.) das Anbeißen

•

- biting
- bite the dust
* * *

bite

[baɪt]

I. n

1. (using teeth) Biss m; of an insect Stich m

\bite mark Bisswunde f

snake/dog \bite Schlangen-/Hundebiss m

to give sb a \bite jdn beißen

to have a \bite to eat ( fam) eine Kleinigkeit [o fam einen Happen] essen

to take a \bite of a pizza von einer Pizza abbeißen; ( fig: portion)

the legal costs took a big \bite out of their money ein großer Teil ihres Geldes ging für die Rechtskosten drauf fam

2. ( fig: sharpness) Biss m fig fam, Schärfe f fig

to give sth more \bite report, critique etw schärfer formulieren

to have [real] \bite [echten] Biss haben fam

3. (fish) Anbeißen nt

at last I've got a \bite endlich hat etwas angebissen

4. no pl (pungency) Schärfe f

5.

▶ another [or a second] [or a double] \bite of the cherry esp BRIT eine zweite Chance

II. vt

<bit, bitten>

1. (cut with teeth)

▪ to \bite sb jdn beißen; insect jdn stechen

to \bite one's lips sich dat auf die Lippen beißen; ( fig) sich dat das Lachen verbeißen

to \bite one's nails an seinen Nägeln kauen

2. (grip road)

to \bite the road tyres greifen

3. (affect people)

▪ to \bite sth sich akk auf etw akk auswirken

the laws \bite him hard die Gesetze treffen ihn hart

4.

▶ to \bite the bullet in den sauren Apfel beißen

▶ to be badly bitten by sth von etw dat schwer erwischt worden sein fam

the racing bug bit him badly das Rennfieber hat ihn schwer mitgenommen

▶ what's biting you? ( fam) was ist mit dir los?

▶ to \bite the dust ( esp hum: crash) stürzen; (die) ins Gras beißen sl; ( fig) scheitern

▶ to \bite the hand that feeds one die Hand beißen, die einen füttert

▶ \bite me! AM ( vulg) leck mich am Arsch! derb

▶ to \bite one's tongue sich dat auf die Zunge beißen

III. vi

<bit, bitten>

1. (with teeth) dog, snake beißen; insect stechen

just go and ask her — she won't \bite ( hum) frag sie mal — sie beißt [dich] schon nicht

▪ to \bite into sth in etw akk beißen

2. ( also fig: take bait) anbeißen

to \bite at bait anbeißen a. fig

3. (grip road)

these tyres are biting very well diese Reifen haben ein sehr griffiges Profil

4. (affect adversely) einschneidende Wirkung haben

the recession was beginning to \bite die Rezession machte sich langsam bemerkbar

5. (reduce)

▪ to \bite into sth etw reduzieren

her job began to \bite into her free time ihr Job nahm immer mehr ihrer Freizeit in Anspruch

6. (attack)

▪ to \bite into sth:

the rope bit into his flesh das Seil schnitt in sein Fleisch ein; ( fig)

the cold began to \bite into their bones die Kälte begann ihnen in die Knochen zu kriechen

7.

▶ once bitten, twice shy ( prov) ein gebranntes Kind scheut das Feuer prov

▶ that \bites! ( fam) so ein Mist! fam

* * *
[baɪt] vb: pret bit, ptp bitten
1. n

1) Biss m

in two bites — mit zwei Bissen

he took a bite ( out) of the apple — er biss in den Apfel

to get a second or another bite at the cherry (fig) — eine zweite Chance bekommen

2) (= wound etc) (= dog, snake, flea bite etc) Biss m; (= insect bite) Stich m; (= love bite) (Knutsch)fleck m (inf)

3) (FISHING)

I think I've got a bite — ich glaube, es hat einer angebissen

4) (of food) Happen m

there's not a bite to eat —

come and have a bite — komm und iss 'ne Kleinigkeit

do you fancy a bite (to eat)? — möchten Sie etwas essen?

5)

there's a bite in the air — es ist beißend kalt

the bite of the wind — der beißend kalte Wind

6)

(of file, saw) the file has lost its bite — die Feile ist stumpf geworden

these screws don't have enough bite — diese Schrauben greifen or fassen nicht richtig

7) (of sauce etc) Schärfe f

2. vt

1) (person, dog) beißen; (insect) stechen

to bite one's nails — an seinen Nägeln kauen

to bite one's tongue/lip (lit, fig) — sich (dat)

the trapeze artist bites the rope between her teeth — die Trapezkünstlerin hält das Seil mit den Zähnen fest

don't worry, he won't bite you (fig inf) — keine Angst, er wird dich schon nicht beißen (inf)

to bite the dust (inf) — dran glauben müssen (inf)

he had been bitten by the travel/music bug — ihn hatte das Reisefieber/das Musikfieber erwischt (inf)

once bitten twice shy (Prov) — (ein) gebranntes Kind scheut das Feuer (Prov)

to bite the hand that feeds you (prov) — sich (dat) ins eigene Fleisch schneiden

what's biting you? (fig inf) — was ist mit dir los? (inf), was hast du denn?

2) (cold, frost, wind) schneiden in (+dat)

3) (file, saw) schneiden in (+acc); (acid) ätzen

4) (inf

= swindle) I've been bitten — ich bin reingelegt worden (inf)

3. vi

1) (dog etc) beißen; (insects) stechen

2) (fish fig inf) anbeißen

3) (cold, frost, wind) beißen, schneiden

4) (wheels) fassen, greifen; (saw, anchor) fassen; (screw) greifen

* * *

bite [baıt]

A v/t prät bit [bıt], pperf bitten [ˈbıtn], obs bit

1. beißen:

a dog bit her (on the) leg ein Hund biss sie ins Bein;

bite the hand that feeds one Gutes mit Schlechtem vergelten;

bite one’s nails

a) an den Nägeln kauen,

b) fig nervös oder unruhig sein;

bite the dust (US a. ground) umg

a) ins Gras beißen,

b) abgeschmettert werden (Plan etc),

c) dran glauben müssen (getrunken werden, ausrangiert werden);

what’s biting you? umg was ist mit dir los?;

I’ve been bitten before ich bin ein gebranntes Kind;

bite back sich eine Äußerung etc verkneifen;

bite off abbeißen;

bite off more than one can chew umg sich zu viel zumuten, sich übernehmen; → bitten B, bullet, head Bes Redew, lip A 1, tongue A 1

2. beißen, stechen (Insekt)

3. a) beißen in (dat):

the smoke bit our eyes der Rauch beizte uns die Augen

b) jemandem schneiden in (akk):

the wind was biting his face

4. schneiden in (akk) (Säge)

5. CHEM ätzen, zerfressen, angreifen

6. fig (nur passiv) angreifen, in Mitleidenschaft ziehen:

badly bitten schwer mitgenommen

7. the biter bit der betrogene Betrüger;

it was a case of the biter bit er etc wurde mit seinen eigenen Waffen geschlagen

B v/i

1. (zu)beißen:

bite into

a) (hinein)beißen in (akk), anbeißen,

b) → A 4, A 5;

sth to bite on

a) etwas zum Beißen,

b) fig etwas Konkretes;

come on, I don’t bite ich beiß schon nicht!; → bullet

2. anbeißen (auch fig), schnappen (at nach) (Fisch)

3. beißen, stechen (Insekt)

4. beißen (Rauch, Gewürz etc), schneiden (Wind, Kälte etc)

5. fassen, greifen (Rad, Schraube etc)

6. fig beißend oder verletzend sein

7. a) sich (besonders negativ) auswirken (Maßnahme)

b) greifen (Sanktionen etc)

C s

1. Beißen n, Biss m:

he took a bite out of the apple er biss in den Apfel;

be given two bites of ( oder at) the cherry Br umg eine zweite Chance bekommen;

put the bite on sb US sl jemanden unter Druck setzen

2. Biss m, Stich m (eines Insekts)

3. Biss(wunde) m(f)

4. auch bite to eat Bissen m, Happen m (a. weitS. Imbiss od Nahrung):

I haven’t had a bite to eat all day ich hab den ganzen Tag noch nichts gegessen

5. (An)Beißen n (der Fische):

he hasn’t had ( oder got) a single bite yet bei ihm hat noch kein einziger Fisch angebissen

6. Fassen n, Greifen n (von Rädern, Schrauben etc):

these screws have plenty of bite diese Schrauben fassen oder greifen sehr gut;

sth has lost its bite fig etwas greift nicht mehr

7. CHEM Beizen n, Ätzen n

8. Schärfe f (eines Gewürzes etc)

9. fig

a) Bissigkeit f, Schärfe f

b) Würze f, Geist m

c) SPORT Biss m

* * *
1. transitive verb,
bit, bitten beißen; (sting) [Moskito usw.:] stechen

bite one's nails — an den Nägeln kauen; (fig.) wie auf Kohlen sitzen

bite one's lip — (lit. or fig.) sich (Dat.) auf die Lippen beißen

he won't bite you — (fig. coll.) er wird dich schon nicht beißen

bite the hand that feeds one — (fig.) sich [seinem Gönner gegenüber] undankbar zeigen

bite the dust — (fig.) daran glauben müssen (ugs.)

what's biting or bitten you? — (fig. coll.) was ist mit dir los?; was hast du denn?
2. intransitive verb,
bit, bitten

1) beißen; (sting) stechen; [Rad:] fassen, greifen; [Schraube:] fassen; (take bait, lit. or fig.) anbeißen

2) (have an effect) sich auswirken; greifen
3. noun
1) (act) Biss, der; (piece) Bissen, der; (wound) Bisswunde, die; (by mosquito etc.) Stich, der

he took a bite of the apple — er biss in den Apfel

can I have a bite? — darf ich mal [ab]beißen?

2) (taking of bait) [An]beißen, das

I haven't had a bite all day — es hat den ganzen Tag noch keiner angebissen

3) (food) Happen, der; Bissen, der

I haven't had a bite [to eat] since breakfast — ich habe seit dem Frühstück nichts mehr gegessen

have a bite to eat — eine Kleinigkeit essen

4) (incisiveness) Bissigkeit, die; Schärfe, die

Phrasal Verbs:

- bite off

* * *

(snack) n.

Happen - m. n.

Beißen -ereien n.

Biss -e m.

Bissen - m.

Stich -e (Mücken-) m. v.

(§ p.,p.p.: bit, bitten)

= beißen v.

(§ p.,pp.: biß, gebissen)

schneiden v.

(§ p.,pp.: schnitt, geschnitten)

English-german dictionary > bite
13 do.

abbr

See:

ditto

* * *
do.
abbr.

(comm., ditto) idem; come sopra.
♦ (to) do /du:/
(pass. did, p. p. done; 3^a pers. indic. does, congiunt. USA o arc. e poet. do)

A v. t.

1 fare: to do a stupid [nice, etc.] thing, fare una cosa stupida [bella, ecc.]; He's done something terrible, ha fatto una cosa terribile; I don't know what I've done wrong, non so cosa io abbia fatto di sbagliato; What have you done?, cos'hai fatto?; to do one's duty [the right thing], fare il proprio dovere [la cosa giusta]; What are you doing?, che cosa stai facendo?; Can I do anything ( for you)?, posso fare qualcosa (per te)?; They did nothing to help me, non hanno fatto niente per aiutarmi; to do a sum, fare una somma; We did the journey in two days, abbiamo fatto il viaggio in due giorni; I've done three copies of the letter, ho fatto tre copie della lettera; Can you do a list?, puoi fare una lista?; He did a series of watercolours of the Thames, ha fatto una serie di acquerelli raffiguranti il Tamigi; She's doing a documentary about old people, sta facendo un documentario sugli anziani

2 fare, praticare ( un'attività): How long have you been doing yoga?, da quant'è che fai yoga?; What do you usually do?, che cosa fai di solito?; What do you do ( for a living)?, che lavoro fai?; I do pottery on Wednesdays, il mercoledì faccio un corso di ceramica; You need to do at least half an hour of exercise three times a week, devi fare almeno mezzora di esercizio tre volte la settimana; to do the ironing [washing, cooking, shopping, etc.], stirare, lavare i panni, cucinare, fare la spesa, ecc.; (fam.) to do lunch [a film, dinner, etc.], pranzare, guardare un film, cenare, ecc.

3 vendere, avere: Do you do bus tickets, too?, avete (o vendete) anche i biglietti per l'autobus?; They don't do food, non servono da mangiare (o non vendono alimentari); They do stationery as well as books, vendono anche articoli di cancelleria oltre che libri; We do a huge range of household items, abbiamo un'enorme gamma di articoli per la casa

4 fare, percorrere: We did 200 km on Saturday, abbiamo fatto 200 km sabato; They were doing 150 on the motorway, andavano ai 150 all'ora in autostrada

5 fare, studiare: I did French for three years, ho fatto tre anni di francese; What is she doing at university?, cosa fa all'università?; We haven't done the First World War yet, non abbiamo ancora fatto la prima guerra mondiale

6 (fam.) fare, passare ( un periodo): He's done four years in jail, ha fatto quattro anni di carcere; She's just done a year in the Paris office, ha appena passato un anno nella sede di Parigi; (fam.) to do time, scontare una pena

7 fare, preparare ( del cibo): Can you do the potatoes?, puoi fare le patate?; I'll do a salad while you lay the table, faccio un'insalata mentre apparecchi la tavola; I'm doing fish, I hope that's ok, faccio del pesce, spero che vada bene

8 (fam.) fare, pulire (o lavare, sistemare, ecc.): I've done the living room, now I'm going to do the hall, ho fatto il soggiorno, ora faccio l'ingresso; We did the garden at the weekend, abbiamo sistemato il giardino nel fine settimana; Someone comes to do the windows, viene qualcuno a lavare le finestre; to do the beds, fare i letti; to do the dishes, lavare i piatti; to do one's teeth, lavarsi i denti; to do one's hair [nails, makeup], farsi i capelli [le unghie, il trucco]; Who does your hair?, da che parrucchiere vai?

9 rifare, pitturare (o tappezzare, ecc.): We haven't done the bedrooms yet, non abbiamo ancora rifatto le camere da letto; They've done the kitchen bright yellow, hanno pitturato la cucina di un giallo acceso NOTA D'USO: - non so come fare-

10 (fam.) visitare: They did five cities in three days, hanno visitato cinque città in tre giorni; Have you done the Tower of London yet?, hai già visitato la torre di Londra?

11 (fam.) imbrogliare; fregare: You've been done, ti hanno fregato

12 (fam.) andare bene a: A sandwich will do me fine, un panino mi va benissimo; I haven't got a large pack, will this one do you?, non ho confezioni grandi, questa Le va bene?

13 (fam.) trattare, accogliere ( un ospite): They did us very well, ci hanno accolti benissimo

14 (fam.) conciare per le feste; sistemare; ( anche) uccidere; far fuori (fam.): I'll do you!, ti sistemo io!

15 fare, imitare ( un personaggio famoso, ecc.): He does the President brilliantly, è bravissimo a imitare il presidente; Can you do a Liverpool accent?, sai fare l'accento di Liverpool?

16 (fam.) mettere dentro, arrestare; ( anche) fare la multa a: He was done for drug dealing, lo hanno messo dentro per spaccio; They did her for speeding ( o She was done for speeding), le hanno fatto la multa per eccesso di velocità, si è beccata una multa per eccesso di velocità

17 ( slang) svaligiare; rapinare: They did three houses on the same street, hanno svaligiato tre case nella stessa via

B v. i.

1 fare; agire: You did well to refuse, hai fatto bene a rifiutare; I'll do as I like, faccio come mi pare; Do as you're told, fai quello che ti si dice

2 (fam.) fare, evolvere: What do you think the weather's going to do tomorrow?, cosa pensi che farà il tempo domani?; No one knows what the economy's going to do over the next six months, nessuno sa come evolverà l'economia nei prossimi sei mesi

3 – to be doing well [fine, ok, etc.], stare bene [benissimo, abbastanza bene] ( di salute): Mother and child are doing very well, la madre e il bambino stanno benissimo; He's not doing too well, non sta molto bene

4 ( di persona, attività) andare: You haven't done badly, non sei andato male; I didn't do well in my exams, non sono andato bene agli esami; How do you think England will do?, come pensi che andrà l'Inghilterra?; The business is doing very well, l'azienda va a gonfie vele; We're doing all right, ce la caviamo piuttosto bene; DIALOGO → - Petrol- How are we doing for petrol?, come siamo messi a carburante?

5 bastare: Will fifty dollars do?, basteranno cinquanta dollari?; DIALOGO → - Local shop 1- «Anything else?» DIALOGO → - Local shop 1- «No, that'll do, thanks», «Nient'altro?» «No, va bene così, grazie»; That will do!, adesso basta!

6 andare bene lo stesso; essere accettabile: This dress isn't exactly what I wanted, but I suppose it will do, questo vestito non è proprio quello che volevo, ma presumo che andrà bene lo stesso; The house is not ideal, but it will do for now, la casa non è ideale, ma per il momento bisognerà accontentarsi

7 (sempre neg.) andare bene, essere opportuno: It doesn't do to work too hard, lavorare troppo non va bene; I've told you before, this kind of behaviour just won't do, te l'ho già detto: questo modo di comportarsi proprio non va bene; It wouldn't do to ask him for money, non starebbe bene chiedergli dei soldi; DIALOGO → - Organizing a meeting- Sorry, I can't do Thursday afternoon, mi dispiace, giovedì pomeriggio non posso

C verbo ausiliare NOTA D'USO: - chi-

1 (nelle frasi interr., neg. e interr. neg.; è idiom.): Do you understand?, capisci?; I don't understand, non capisco; Does he know?, lo sa?; He does not ( o doesn't) know, non lo sa; Did you go?, ci sei andato?; They did not ( o didn't) ask me, non mi hanno invitato

2 fare (determinato dal verbo precedente, di cui evita la ripetizione): If you want to tell him, do it now, se vuoi dirglielo, fallo ora; (idiom.) «Who took my hat?» «I did», «chi ha preso il mio cappello?» «sono stato io»; «Did you see him?» «I did», «l'hai visto?» «sì»

3 (nell'imper. neg.; è idiom.): Do not ( o don't) worry!, non preoccuparti!; Don't let them interfere!, non lasciare che si intromettano!

4 (nelle «tag questions») (è) vero?, no?: You don't like him, do you?, ti è antipatico, è vero?; You told him, didn't you?, glielo hai detto, no?; He didn't pay the bill, did he?, non l'ha (mica) pagato il conto, vero?; She doesn't know, does she?, lei non lo sa, no?

5 (nella costruzione inversa; è idiom.): «I don't like it» «Neither do I», «Non mi piace» «Neanche a me»; «I didn't go» «Nor did I», «Non ci sono andato» «Nemmeno io»; «I like opera» «So do I», «Mi piace la lirica» «A me pure»; (form.) Little did he realize that…, quasi non si rendeva conto che…

6 ( uso enfat.; è idiom.): Do sit down!, si accomodi, La prego!; Do help yourself!, serviti pure!; But I did see her!, sì che l'ho vista!; DIALOGO → - Clothes 1- I'm here if you do need anything, per qualsiasi cosa, io sono qui; I do love you, ti amo davvero; ( formula nel rito del matrimonio) «till death us do part», «finché morte non ci separi»

● to do as (o for), (form.) to do duty as, fare da, servire da: The tents will do for shelter until the weather gets worse, le tende serviranno da riparo fino a che il tempo non peggiora □ to do sb. a bad turn, fare uno sgarbo (o una scortesia, un brutto tiro) a q. □ to do one's best (o utmost), fare del proprio meglio: I'll do my best to help him, farò del mio meglio per aiutarlo □ (fam. ingl.) to do one's bit, fare la propria parte (o il proprio dovere) □ to do the books (o the accounts), fare (o tenere) la contabilità □ to do business, fare affari: It's been a pleasure to do business with you, è stato un piacere fare affari con Lei □ to do well by sb., trattar bene q.: The company does well by its employees, l'azienda tratta bene i suoi dipendenti; to be [to feel] hard done by, essere [sentirsi] trattato male □ to do damage to st., danneggiare qc.: The storm did a lot of damage to buildings, il nubifragio ha danneggiato molto gli edifici □ (fam.) to do one's damnedest, darci sotto; mettercela tutta □ ( slang) to do drugs, drogarsi; farsi □ to do evil, fare del male; commettere azioni malvagie □ to do sb. a favour (o a kindness, a good turn), fare un favore (o un piacere) a q. □ to do (sb.) good, far bene (a q.): A rest will do you a lot of good, un po' di riposo ti farà molto bene □ to do (sb. o st.) harm, causare danni (a q. o qc.): The first rule for a doctor is to do no harm, la prima regola per un medico è non causare danni; The illness didn't do him any lasting harm, la malattia non gli ha causato danni permanenti □ to do sb. justice, rendere giustizia a q. (fig.): This photo doesn't do you justice, questa foto non ti rende giustizia □ (fam.) to do nice [generous, ecc.], comportarsi bene [con generosità, ecc.]: She doesn't do generous, non si comporta con generosità □ to do nicely, andare bene: If you can't be bothered with heavy reading, this book will do nicely, se non hai voglia di letture pesanti, questo libro andrà proprio bene □ to do nothing [a lot] for, non giovare [giovare molto] a; ( di abito, pettinatura, ecc.) non donare [donare molto] a: The scandal will do nothing for his reputation, lo scandalo non gioverà alla sua reputazione; This dress does nothing for her, questo vestito non le dona; Getting a job will do a lot for her confidence, trovare lavoro gioverà molto alla sua autostima □ to do the sights, visitare ( una città, ecc.) da turista □ (fam.) to do one's ( own) thing, fare quel che si vuole; fare il proprio comodo □ to do well for oneself, avere successo, fare fortuna: Grandfather did well for himself in America, il nonno ha fatto fortuna in America □ to do wonders for, fare miracoli per: A change of scene can do wonders for your mood, un cambiamento d'ambiente può fare miracoli per l'umore □ to do one's worst, fare quanto più male è possibile: Let him do his worst; I'm not afraid of him, faccia pure (il diavolo a quattro); non mi fa paura □ to do wrong, sbagliare: He did wrong, but he's paid for it, ha sbagliato, ma ha pagato per questo □ (fig.) do or die –: It's do or die, o la va o la spacca; a do-or-die attempt, un tentativo decisivo □ to have nothing to do with st. [sb.], non avere niente a che vedere con qc. [q.]: I'm sure Susan had nothing whatever to do with it, sono sicuro che Susan non ha proprio niente a che vedere con questo □ (fam.) nothing doing, niente da fare: We tried to change the tickets, but it was nothing doing, abbiamo provato a cambiare i biglietti, ma non c'è stato niente da fare □ (fam.) What's doing?, che si fa di bello?: What's doing tonight?, che si fa di bello stasera? □ (fam.) do what?, cosa?: «Fancy a drink?» «Do what?» «I said, do you want a drink?», «qualcosa da bere?» «cosa?» «ho detto, vuoi bere qualcosa?» □ That does it!, ecco fatto!; ( anche) adesso basta! □ That's done it!, bel guaio! □ That should do it!, ecco fatto! □ DIALOGO → - Greetings and other useful phrases- How do you do?, piacere! ( nelle presentazioni formali); ( anche) come sta? ( quando si conosce già la persona, ma non c'è intimità: cfr. How are you?) □ (fam.) DIALOGO → - Hearing from an old friend- «How are you doing?» DIALOGO → - Greetings and other useful phrases- «Not bad, and you?», «Come va?» «Non male, e tu?» □ It isn't done, non sta bene: It isn't done to talk with your mouth full, non sta bene parlare a bocca piena □ Now you've done it!, l'hai fatta bella (o grossa)! □ You [He, They, etc.] would do well to do st., faresti [farebbe, farebbero, ecc.] bene a fare qc.: They would do well to remember who pays their salaries, farebbero bene a ricordarsi chi gli paga lo stipendio □ What will you do for food [money]?, come farete per il mangiare [i soldi]? □ (fam.) What are you doing out at this time of night?, che ci fai fuori a quest'ora di notte? □ (fam.) What's my jacket doing on the floor?, che ci fa la mia giacca per terra?

English-Italian dictionary > do.
14 long

long, US lO ;N ⇒ Length measurement

A n (syllable, signal) Literat, Radio longue f.

B adj

1 (lengthy, protracted) [event, period, process, wait, conversation, book, journey, vowel] long/longue ; [delay] important ; [bath, sigh] grand (before n) ; 20 minutes long (long) de 20 minutes ; how long is the interval? combien de temps dure l'entracte? ; is an hour long enough? est-ce qu'une heure suffira? ; it's been a long day la journée a été longue ; to get ou grow ou become longer [days] s'allonger ; to take a long hard look at sth lit, fig examiner qch attentivement ; I want to have a longer look at the patient je voudrais examiner le malade plus longuement ; she gave me a long hard stare elle a posé sur moi un regard scrutateur ; after long hours of discussion après de longues heures de discussion ; I don't like the long hours in this job je n'aime pas les longues journées dans ce travail ; for five long years I waited j'ai attendu pendant cinq longues années ; to be long in coming tarder à venir ; a friend of long standing un ami de longue date ;

2 ( in expressions of time) she's been away a long time elle est restée longtemps absente ; it's been a long time since I saw you ça fait longtemps que je ne t'ai pas vu ; you've been a long time getting here tu as mis longtemps pour arriver ; they've been a long time making up their minds il leur a fallu du temps pour se décider ; six hours, that's a long time six heures, c'est long ; three years seems such a long time trois ans semblent si long ; I've been a teacher for a long time je suis professeur depuis longtemps ; I hadn't played tennis for a long time je n'avais pas joué au tennis depuis longtemps ; she hasn't been well for a long time ça fait longtemps qu'elle est malade ; for a long time I didn't believe her pendant longtemps je ne l'ai pas crue ; it's a long long time since I last saw her il y a bien longtemps que je ne l'ai pas vue ; a long time ago il y a longtemps ; a very long time ago, a long long time ago il y a très longtemps ; to take a long time [person] mettre longtemps ; [task etc] prendre longtemps or du temps ; that takes a long time to organize cela prend longtemps or du temps à organiser ; does it take a long time for the results to come through? est-ce que les résultats mettent longtemps à arriver? ;

3 ( in measuring) [arm, dress, hair, queue, rope, table] long/longue ; [grass] haut ; [detour] grand ; 20 m long (long) de 20 m, de 20 m de long ; the long side of the table le grand côté de la table ; to get ou grow long [grass, hair, nails] devenir long, pousser ; [list, queue] s'allonger ; she's growing her hair long elle se laisse pousser les cheveux ; to make sth longer allonger [sleeve] ; augmenter la longueur de [shelf] ; to be long in the leg [person, animal] avoir de longues jambes ; [trousers] être trop long ;

4 ( in expressions of distance) is it a long way to the station? est-ce que la gare est loin (d'ici)? ; it's a long way c'est loin ; he lives a long way away ou off il habite loin ; we could hear the guns a long way off dans le lointain nous entendions les canons ; January is a long way off janvier est loin ; Nice is a long way from Paris Nice est loin de Paris ; they 're a long way from satisfying our requirements ils sont loin de remplir toutes nos conditions ; don't fall, it's a long way down ne tombe pas, c'est haut ; a long way down the road tout au bout de la route ; a long way down the list loin sur la liste ; I saw the boat a long way out là-bas au loin j'ai vu le bateau ; you are a long way out in your calculations vous vous trompez lourdement dans vos calculs ; it's a long way up to the tenth floor c'est haut jusqu'au dixième étage ; we've come a long way to be here tonight/since the days of the first computers nous avons fait beaucoup de chemin pour être ici ce soir/depuis l'époque des premiers ordinateurs ; to go a long way [person] ( be successful) aller loin ; [provision, packet, supply] ( last long) durer longtemps ; to make sth go a long way faire durer qch ; a little goes a long way (of paint, chemical, spice) il n'en faut pas beaucoup ; to go a long way towards doing contribuer largement à faire ; to have a long way to go lit [traveller] avoir beaucoup de chemin à faire ; fig [worker, planner] avoir encore beaucoup d'efforts à faire (to do avant de faire) ; it's the biggest/best by a long way c'est de loin le plus grand/le meilleur ; to take the long way round faire un long détour.

C adv

1 ( a long time) longtemps ; will you be long? tu en as pour longtemps? ; I shan't be long je n'en ai pas pour longtemps ; how long will you be? tu en as pour combien de temps? ; how long will you be in the meeting? cette réunion va te prendre combien de temps? ; how long will you be in choosing? combien de temps te faudra-t-il pour choisir? ; not very long pas très longtemps ; don't be long dépêche-toi ; don't be long in getting ready ne prends pas trop de temps pour te préparer ; how long will it be before I hear? combien de temps faudra-t-il avant que j'entende? ; it won't be long before you're home again tu seras rentré chez toi dans peu de temps ; I've been here longer than anyone else je suis ici depuis plus longtemps que tout le monde ; I can't stand it a day/moment longer je ne le supporterai pas un jour/une minute de plus ; the longer we stayed the hotter it grew plus le temps passait et plus il faisait chaud ; it's been so long since we last met ça fait si longtemps que nous ne nous sommes pas vus ; it's not that long since the party il ne s'est pas passé tellement de temps depuis la soirée ; it's not that long since I was a student il n'y a pas si longtemps j'étais étudiant ; it wasn't long before people said… il n'a pas fallu longtemps pour que les gens disent… ; has he been gone long? est-ce qu'il y a longtemps qu'il est parti? ; I haven't got long je n'ai pas beaucoup de temps ; I've worked here long enough to know… je travaille ici depuis assez longtemps pour savoir… ; if you stay long enough si tu restes assez longtemps ; 300 years has not been long enough 300 ans n'ont pas suffi ; he paused only ou just long enough to… il s'est interrompu juste le temps de… ; an hour? that doesn't give us long to have dinner une heure? ça ne nous laisse pas beaucoup de temps pour dîner ; this won't take long ça ne prendra pas longtemps ; the meeting took much longer than expected la réunion a duré beaucoup plus longtemps que prévu ; how long did it take him to find out? il lui a fallu combien de temps pour se renseigner? ; it took me longer than I thought il m'a fallu plus de temps que je ne pensais ; three days at the longest trois jours maximum ; before long ( in past) peu après ; ( in future) dans peu de temps ; he'll be here before long il arrivera dans peu de temps ; she phoned before long elle a appelé peu après ; he'll be here before much longer il sera ici sous peu ; for long longtemps ; not for long pas longtemps ; will you be gone for long? seras-tu longtemps absent? ; he's happy now but not for long il est content à présent mais ça ne durera pas ; long after longtemps après ; she only knew long after elle ne l'a su que longtemps après ; not long after peu après ; it's long after ou past your bedtime tu devrais être couché depuis longtemps ; long ago il y a longtemps ; he left not long ago il n'y a pas longtemps qu'il est parti ; long before bien avant ; long before we were married bien avant notre mariage ; it wasn't long before he realized il ne lui a pas fallu longtemps pour se rendre compte ; he left not long before lunch il est parti peu de temps avant le déjeuner ; long since depuis longtemps ; they split up long since ils sont séparés depuis longtemps ; they've long since gone home il y a longtemps qu'ils sont partis ; he's no longer head il n'est plus chef ; I can't stand it any longer j'en ai assez ; 5 minutes, no longer! 5 minutes, pas plus! ; I can't stay any longer je ne peux pas rester plus longtemps ;

2 ( for a long time) ( avant pp) depuis longtemps ; I had long wished to meet him j'avais envie de le rencontrer depuis longtemps ; that method has long been out of date cette méthode est depuis longtemps dépassée ; those days are long gone ce temps-là n'est plus ;

3 ( throughout) ( après n) all night/day long toute la nuit/ la journée ; her whole life long toute sa vie.

D as long as, so long as conj phr

1 ( in time) aussi longtemps que ; borrow it for as long as you like tu peux le garder aussi longtemps que tu veux ; as long as possible/necessary aussi longtemps que possible/qu'il le faut ; as long as I live toute ma vie ;

2 ( provided that) du moment que (+ indic), pourvu que (+ subj) ; as long as you're safe, that's all that matters du moment que tu es en sécurité, c'est tout ce qui compte ; as long as you keep me informed pourvu que tu me tiennes au courant.

E vi to long for sth avoir très envie de qch, soupirer après qch liter ; to long for sb to do avoir très envie que qn fasse ; to long for sb avoir très envie de voir qn, se languir de qn liter ; to long to do ( be impatient) être très impatient de faire ; ( desire sth elusive) rêver de faire, brûler de faire liter.

Idioms

long time no see ○ ! hum ça fait une paye ○ qu'on ne s'est pas vus! ; she's not long for this world elle ne fera pas de vieux os ; so long ○ ! salut! ; to be long on sth ○ avoir beaucoup de [commonsense, experience] ; why all the long faces? vous en faites une tête ○ ! ; to pull a long face faire triste mine ; to have a long memory être rancunier/-ière.

Big English-French dictionary > long
15 pull

1. [pʋl] n
1. 1) тяга, дёрганье

to give a pull at /on/ the rope - потянуть за верёвку

to give a pull at the bell - дёрнуть за звонок

give it a hard pull! - дёрни /потяни/ как следует!

2) ручка, кольцо (ящика, дверцы и т. п.); шнурок (звонка, шторы и т. п.)

pull switch - выключатель со шнурком

pull ring - вытяжное кольцо ( парашюта)

2. спец.

1) натяжение, растяжение

2) сила тяги

3) растягивающее усилие, тянущая сила

4) спорт. тяговое движение

5) тяговое устройство; тяговый канат

3. 1) спорт. напряжение, усилие

final pull - заключительное напряжение ( тяжёлая атлетика)

second pull - подрыв ( тяжёлая атлетика)

arm pull - гребок рукой ( плавание)

2) трудный подъём; трудное путешествие и т. п.

it was a long pull to the top of the mountain - взобраться на вершину горы стоило больших усилий

4. 1) удар весла

2) разг. очередь грести

3) разг. короткая прогулка на лодке

they went for a short pull on the lake - они поехали покататься по озеру

5. сдерживание лошади на скачках ( чтобы не допустить выигрыша)

6. спуск курка огнестрельного оружия

7. 1) глоток

to have a pull at the bottle - приложиться к бутылке; глотнуть, выпить ( спиртного)

long pull - сл. порция пива и т. п., превышающая заказ

2) затяжка ( табачным дымом)

to take a pull at one's pipe [cigarette] - затянуться трубкой [сигаретой]

8. разг. преимущество

the pull of the table - карт. преимущество сдающего (карты) или банкомёта

he had a great pull over all rivals - у него было большое преимущество перед соперниками

9. разг. протекция, связи, блат

to get a job through pull - получить должность по протекции /по блату/

to have a pull with the cops - иметь своих людей в полиции

you got to have a pull to get a job like this - на такую работу можно устроиться только по блату /по знакомству/

he has come up from the ranks without any pull or family backing - он вышел в люди без всякой протекции и семейственности

he has no political pull - у него нет связей в правительственных кругах

10. разг. привлекательность, броскость (объявления, рекламы и т. п.)

the pull of a big city - притягательная сила большого города

an advertising slogan with tremendous pull - рекламный лозунг, привлекающий массу покупателей

an actress with great box office pull - актриса, чьё участие даёт полные сборы

11. полигр. пробный оттиск

12. метал. усадочная раковина

13. тех. пневмоколёсный трактор-тягач

14. спец. протаскивание; волочение
2. [pʋl] v
I

1. тянуть, тащить

to pull the door open [shut] - потянуть к себе дверь, чтобы открыть [закрыть] её

to pull down - а) спускать, опускать; to pull down blinds - спустить шторы; б) стягивать вниз; срывать

to pull in - втягивать

I pulled in my line - я вытащил леску

to pull off - стаскивать, снимать; срывать

to pull off one's hat - снять шляпу, приветствовать

to pull up - подтягивать

he pulled up his trousers - он подтянул брюки

the horse was pulling the cart slowly - лошадь медленно тащила телегу

he pulled me into the room - он втащил меня в комнату

Pull - «к себе» ( надпись на двери)

2. натягивать; надвигать (тж. pull on)

to pull one's hat over one's eyes - надвинуть шляпу на глаза

to pull on one's stockings [one's gloves] - натянуть чулки [перчатки]

he pulled his nightcap over his ears - он натянул ночной колпак на уши

3. дёргать

to pull a bell - позвонить в /дёрнуть/ звонок

don't pull my hair - не дёргайте меня за волосы

she pulled his sleeve, she pulled him by the sleeve - она дёргала /тянула/ его за рукав

4. вытаскивать, выдёргивать; выдвигать (тж. pull out)

to pull a cork - вытащить пробку

to pull a tooth - выдернуть /удалить/ зуб

to pull nails - выдёргивать гвозди

to pull out a drawer - выдвинуть ящик

to pull out the goalie - разг. выманить вратаря из ворот ( футбол)

he pulled out his wallet from his pocket - он вытащил бумажник из кармана

he pulled the drowning child out of the water - он вытащил тонущего ребёнка из воды

5. тянуть; иметь тягу

my pipe is pulling very badly today - сегодня моя трубка очень плохо курится

6. 1) тянуть, пить (особ. с жадностью); всасывать

to pull at a bottle - приложиться к бутылке, глотнуть из бутылки

2) (on, at) затягиваться (сигаретой и т. п.)

7. 1) грести; идти, плыть на вёслах

to pull ashore - грести к берегу

to pull stroke - задавать такт при гребле, быть загребным

to pull on - продолжать грести

to pull out - грести от берега

2) иметь определённое количество вёсел ( о лодке)

out boat pulls four oars - у нас четырёхвесельная лодка

3) работать веслом

to pull a good oar - быть хорошим гребцом

to pull hard - наваливаться на вёсла

pull away! - навались! ( команда)

4) перевозить на лодке

8. 1) двигаться, ехать (о поезде, автомобиле и т. п.)

to pull away - отъезжать

he pulled away from the kerb - он отъехал от тротуара

2) (into) подъезжать подходить

the train pulled into the station - поезд подошёл к станции /прибыл на станцию/

3) (into) останавливаться

we pulled into the kerb - мы остановились у тротуара

pull into the side of the road and stop - съезжай на обочину и остановись

9. сл.

1) арестовать, забрать

to get pulled - попасть под арест; угодить в тюрьму

2) сделать облаву, налёт

to pull a gambling house - сделать облаву в игорном доме

3) схватить за руку вора; поймать на месте преступления

10. сл. стащить, стянуть

11. спорт. бежать маховым шагом

12. полигр. делать оттиск

13. вырывать с корнем; уничтожать (тж. pull up)

we pulled up the weeds by the roots - мы вырвали сорную траву с корнем

II А

1. растянуть (мышцу, сухожилие)

2. 1) рвать, срывать, собирать (цветы, фрукты)

2) убирать ( корнеплоды)

3. полоть ( вручную)

4. ощипывать ( дичь); выщипывать щетину или волос

5. теребить ( лён)

6. корчевать

7. 1) натягивать ( удила)

the horse pulls - лошадь натягивает удила

2) сдерживать, осаживать ( лошадь на скачках; тж. pull in)

to pull a horse - подбирать вожжи; натягивать поводья

8. амер. сл. выхватить, вытащить (револьвер, нож)

he pulled a gun at his partner - он выхватил пистолет и стал угрожать своему партнёру

he pulled a knife on me - он угрожал мне ножом

9. 1) разрывать, раздирать ( на части; обыкн. pull apart)

to pull to pieces /apart/ - а) разорвать на куски; б) раскритиковать; разнести в пух и прах

he pulled his opponent's arguments to bits - он разгромил доводы противника

she pulled the boys apart - она разняла мальчиков

this table pulls apart - этот стол раздвигается

2) отрывать; оттягивать; оттаскивать (обыкн. pull away, pull back)

it was hard for him to pull away from the ties of home - ему было трудно оторваться от родного дома

he pulled her back from the window - он оттащил её от окна

10. 1) привлекать ( внимание); пользоваться ( успехом)

advertisement that pulls custom - реклама, которая привлекает покупателей

the clearance sale is pulling well - распродажа имеет большой успех

2) привлекать ( на свою сторону); получать ( поддержку)

be pulled more votes than his running mate - ему удалось собрать больше голосов на выборах, чем его конкуренту

11. (for) разг. поддерживать, подбадривать (какую-л. сторону и т. п.); «болеть» (за какую-л. команду и т. п.)

he nearly always pulls for the weak - он всегда выступает на стороне слабых

12. разг. сделать, совершить (что-л. дерзкое, неожиданное или недозволенное)

to pull a crime - совершить преступление

to pull stunts - выделывать трюки; откалывать опасные номера

who pulled a dirty trick like that on you? - кто это сыграл с вами такую шутку?; кто это вас так подвёл?

he pulled 23 combat missions - он (удачно) выполнил 23 боевых задания

13. разг. получать (оценку, отметку)

he pulled an A in his English course - он получил высшую оценку по английскому языку

14. спорт. отбивать (мяч, посылая его влево)

15. сл. наносить удар не в полную силу ( бокс)

to pull a punch - а) ударить вполсилы; б) действовать осторожно; проявлять сдержанность, осмотрительность

♢

to pull caps /wigs/ - ссориться, пререкаться

to pull leather - амер. а) стараться удержаться в седле; б) цепляться за что-л.

to pull a fast one (on smb.) - ловко обмануть /надуть, одурачить/ (кого-л.); совершить махинацию

pull devil /baker, dog, cat/! - валяй!, давай!, жми! ( возгласы поощрения на состязаниях)

to pull the devil by the tail - быть в стеснённых обстоятельствах; ≅ биться как рыба об лёд

to pull foot, to pull it - удирать, улепётывать; бежать со всех ног, бежать сломя голову

to pull smb.'s /the other/ leg - подшучивать над кем-л.; сыграть шутку с кем-л.; морочить кому-л. голову

to pull a face /faces/ - сделать гримасу, гримасничать, строить /корчить/ рожи

to pull a long face - иметь огорчённый /кислый, унылый/ вид

he pulled a long face - у него вытянулась физиономия

to pull the long bow - чрезмерно лгать или хвастаться; рассказывать небылицы; привирать

to pull strings - а) нажимать на тайные пружины, пустить в ход связи; тайно влиять (на что-л.); to pull every string in order to attain one's end - пустить в ход все связи /нажать на все пружины/, чтобы добиться своей цели; б) тайно влиять на ход дела, быть скрытым двигателем; стоять за спиной кого-л.

to pull rank - амер. использовать служебное положение в личных целях

to pull wires = to pull strings а)

he pulled wires to get the position for his son - он пустил в ход свои связи, чтобы устроить сына на эту должность

to pull smb.'s teeth - сделать беззащитным, обезоружить, обезвредить; ≅ вырвать у змеи жало

to pull a lone oar - действовать /работать/ в одиночку

to pull one's weight - а) быть хорошим гребцом; б) выполнить свою долю работы

to pull one's freight - амер. быстро уйти или уехать, смыться

to pull a boner - амер. попасть впросак, сесть в лужу

to pull the nose - (о)дурачить

to pull the carpet (out) from under smb. - неожиданно прекращать оказание помощи; ≅ выбить у кого-л. почву /землю/ из-под ног

НБАРС > pull
16 hammer

'hæmə
1. noun
1) (a tool with a heavy usually metal head, used for driving nails into wood, breaking hard substances etc: a joiner's hammer.) martillo

2) (the part of a bell, piano, clock etc that hits against some other part, so making a noise.) macillo

3) (in sport, a metal ball on a long steel handle for throwing.) martillo

2. verb
1) (to hit, beat, break etc (something) with a hammer: He hammered the nail into the wood.) martillar, martillear; clavar

2) (to teach a person (something) with difficulty, by repetition: Grammar was hammered into us at school.) hacer entrar en la cabeza a golpe de martillo, hacer entender a alguien a fuerza de repetirlo

•

- give someone a hammering
- give a hammering
- hammer home
- hammer out

hammer¹ n martillo

a hammer and some nails un martillo y unos clavos

hammer² vb

1. clavar con un martillo

she hammered the nail into the wall clavó la punta en la pared

2. aporrear / golpear

he hammered on the door aporreó la puerta

hammer

tr['hæmə^SMALLr/SMALL]

noun

1 (tool) martillo; (piano) macillo

2 (gun) percusor nombre masculino; (sport) martillo

transitive verb

1 (gen) martillar, martillear; (nail) clavar

2 familiar (beat) dar una paliza, machacar

intransitive verb

1 (gen) martillar, martillear, golpear

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

the hammer and the sickle SMALLPOLITICS/SMALL la hoz y el martillo

to come under the hammer figurative use salir a subasta

to go at it hammer and tongs figurative use luchar a brazo partido

to hammer at the door aporrear la puerta

to hammer something home figurative use insistir en algo

to hammer something into somebody hacer entender a alguien a fuerza de repetirlo

hammer ['hæmər] vt

1) strike: clavar, golpear

2) nail: clavar, martillar

3)

to hammer out negotiate: elaborar, negociar, llegar a

hammer vi

: martillar, golpear

hammer n

1) : martillo m

2) : percusor m, percutor m (de un arma de fuego)

hammer

n.

• gatillo s.m.

• machote s.m.

• macillo s.m.

• martillo s.m.

• martinete s.m.

• percusor s.m.

v.

• amartillar v.

• batir v.

• clavar v.

• macear v.

• martillar v.

• martillear v.

'hæmər, 'hæmə(r)
I

noun

a) ( tool) martillo m

the hammer and sickle — la hoz y el martillo

to go at it hammer and tongs — ( fight) luchar a brazo partido; ( argue) discutir acaloradamente; ( work) trabajar a toda máquina

b) ( auctioneer's gavel) mazo m, martillo m

to come under the hammer — venderse en subasta

II
1.

transitive verb

a) \<\<nail\>\> clavar ( con un martillo); \<\<metal\>\> martillar, batir

she tried to hammer the rules into them — intentó meterles las reglas en la cabeza

b) ( hit)

he hammered the ball into the net — clavó el balón en la red

c) ( defeat) (colloq) darle* una paliza a (fam)

they were o got hammered — les dieron una paliza

d) ( criticize) (colloq) triturar, criticar*

2.

vi ( strike) dar* golpes; ( with hammer) dar* martillazos

to hammer AT something — golpear algo, darle* golpes/martillazos a algo

to hammer ON something — golpear algo

Phrasal Verbs:

- hammer home

- hammer out

['hæmǝ(r)]
1.

N (=tool) martillo m ; (Mus) macillo m ; [of firearm] percusor m

the hammer and sickle — el martillo y la hoz

to come under the hammer — ser subastado

- go at it hammer and tongs

2. VT

1) [+ nail] clavar; [+ metal] martillar, batir

to hammer a post into the ground — hincar un poste en el suelo a martillazos

to hammer sth into shape — [+ metal] forjar algo a martillazos; (fig) [+ team etc] forjar algo a golpes

to hammer a point home — remachar un punto

to hammer sth into sb — (fig) meter algo en la cabeza de algn

2) * (=defeat, thrash) dar una paliza a *, machacar *

3.

VI

to hammer on or at a door — dar golpes en or golpear una puerta

to hammer away at — [+ subject] insistir con ahinco en, machacar en; [+ work] trabajar asiduamente en

to hammer away on the piano — aporrear el piano

4.

CPD

hammer blow N — (fig) duro golpe m

• to deliver a hammer blow to sth — asestar un duro golpe a algo

hammer throw N — lanzamiento m de martillo

hammer thrower N — lanzador(a) m / f de martillo

- hammer down

- hammer in

- hammer out

- hammer together

* * *
['hæmər, 'hæmə(r)]
I

noun

a) ( tool) martillo m

the hammer and sickle — la hoz y el martillo

to go at it hammer and tongs — ( fight) luchar a brazo partido; ( argue) discutir acaloradamente; ( work) trabajar a toda máquina

b) ( auctioneer's gavel) mazo m, martillo m

to come under the hammer — venderse en subasta

II
1.

transitive verb

a) \<\<nail\>\> clavar ( con un martillo); \<\<metal\>\> martillar, batir

she tried to hammer the rules into them — intentó meterles las reglas en la cabeza

b) ( hit)

he hammered the ball into the net — clavó el balón en la red

c) ( defeat) (colloq) darle* una paliza a (fam)

they were o got hammered — les dieron una paliza

d) ( criticize) (colloq) triturar, criticar*

2.

vi ( strike) dar* golpes; ( with hammer) dar* martillazos

to hammer AT something — golpear algo, darle* golpes/martillazos a algo

to hammer ON something — golpear algo

Phrasal Verbs:

- hammer home

- hammer out

English-spanish dictionary > hammer
17 cut

̈ɪkʌt I
1. гл.
1) резать, разрезать He cut his chin while shaving. ≈ Он порезался, когда брился. Cut the cake. ≈ Разрежь пирог. Syn: lacerate, incise, gash, slash, hack, nick, lance, slit;
slice
2) а) срезать, отрезать;
стричь It's time to cut the lawn again. ≈ Пора снова стричь газон. б) косить, жать ∙ Syn: trim, clip, shear;
mow, prune, pare, crop, snip, shave
3) рубить, валить (лес) Syn: hew
4) прорубать, прокладывать дорогу
5) высекать, гравировать( из камня) ;
резать, вырезать( по дереву) ;
тесать, стесывать;
шлифовать, гранить( драгоценные камни) Syn: carve
6) кроить (платье и т. п.)
7) бурить;
копать;
рыть
8) резаться, прорезываться( о зубах)
9) кастрировать (животное)
10) а) укорачивать, сокращать( статью, книгу и т. п.) Cut the report to four pages. ≈ Сократите доклад до четырех страниц. б) снижать (цены, налоги и т. п.), срезать, урезать (доходы и т. п.) ∙ Syn: condense, abridge, contract, abbreviate, diminish, curtail, decrease
11) пересекать(ся) ;
менять направление The road cuts through the forest. ≈ Дорога идет через лес. Syn: cross, intersect, bisect, go through, go across, change direction
12) разг. переставать, прекращать
13) разг. прерывать знакомство с кем-л.;
игнорировать, делать вид, что не замечаешь кого-л. We spoke to her, but she cut us. ≈ Мы заговорили с ней, но она сделала вид, что не заметила нас. Syn: snub, ignore, refuse to recognize, refuse to greet, turn one's back on, give one the cold shoulder
14) пропускать, не присутствовать;
прогулять( лекцию, занятия)
15) разг. убегать, удирать
16) карт. снимать колоду ∙ cut at cut across cut away cut back cut down cut in cut into cut loose cut off cut out cut over cut short cut through cut under cut up cut the coat according to the cloth ≈ по одежке протягивай ножки to cut and come again ≈ есть с аппетитом to be cut out for smth. ≈ быть словно созданным для чего-л. cut it out! разг. ≈ перестаньте!, бросьте! to cut and run ≈ убегать, удирать to cut both ways ≈ быть обоюдоострым to cut a joke ≈ отпустить, отколоть шутку to cut up well ≈ оставить после своей смерти большое состояние to cut up rough ≈ негодовать, возмущаться to cut to the heart, cut to the quick ≈ задеть за живое, глубоко уязвить, глубоко задеть( чьи-л. чувства) to cut to pieces ≈ разбить наголову;
раскритиковать cut a feather
2. сущ.
1) а) разрезание, отрезание;
подстригание б) разрез, порез;
рана Put a bandage on that cut. ≈ Наложи повязку на рану. Syn: gash, incision, slash, slit
2) канал;
траншея, выемка The bulldozer made a cut for the railroad tracks. ≈ Бульдозер прорыл траншею для железнодорожной колеи. Syn: hollow, furrow, indentation, trench, excavation, channel, passage, course
3) отрезок, кусок, часть;
доля;
вырезка (тж. из книги, статьи) This is a good lean cut of beef. ≈ Это очень хороший нежирный кусок говядины. The actor's agent gets a 10 percent cut. ≈ Агент актера получил долю в 10 процентов. Syn: piece, portion, share, slice, section, segment, part
4) гравюра на дереве (доска или оттиск)
5) покрой
6) кино монтажный кадр
7) уменьшение, сокращение, снижение( цен, количества и т. п.) Some auto makers have announced a price cut. ≈ Некоторые производители автомобилей объявили о снижении цен на свою продукцию. Syn: reduction, decrease, abatement, decline, fall, diminution, contraction, shortening, shrinkage, curtailment, lessening
8) прерывание, прекращение (знакомства)
9) кратчайший путь (тж. a short cut)
10) карт. снятие( колоды)
11) профиль, сечение;
пролет( моста) ∙ the cut of one's rig/jib разг. ≈ внешний вид человека II прил.
1) отрезанный, подрезанный, срезанный
2) порезанный
3) скроенный
4) сниженный, уменьшенный
5) кастрированный ∙ cut and dried cut and dry порез, разрез - a * on the finger порез пальца - *s on the face after shaving порезы на лице после бритья резаная рана резание глубина резания( специальное) разрез;
пропил;
выемка (специальное) канал;
кювет( специальное) насечка( напильника) сильный удар( мечом, кнутом и т. п.) - to make a * at smb. with a sword нанести кому-л. удар мечом - the boy got six *s with a cane мальчику нанесли шесть ударов тростью - his face had been disfigured by a sabre * удар саблей изуродовал его лицо - to give a horse a * across the flank хлеснуть лошадь по боку - delayed * задержанный удар - flat * удар плашмя - inside arm * удар по руке с внутренней стороны отрезанный кусок;
вырезка;
срез - a * from the joint (кулинарное) вырезка, филей;
- breast * (кулинарное) грудинка настриг( шерсти) ;
отрез (материи) отрезок очертание, абрис, контур профиль покрой (платья) стрижка, фасон стрижки (волос) сокращение, снижение;
уменьшение - a * in prices снижение цен сокращение, вырезка части текста;
купюра - to make *s in a play делать купюры в пьесе путь напрямик, кратчайший путь - to take a short * пойти кратчайшим путем оскорбление, выпад;
насмешка;
удар - that was a * at me это был выпад против меня( разговорное) прекоащение знакомства - to give smb. the * direct не замечать кого-л.;
порвать с кем-л. (разговорное) пропуск - attendance was compulsory, and no *s were allowed посещение было обязательным, и никакие пропуски не разрешались (разговорное) доля - his agent's * is 20 per cent агент взимает с него 20% (разговорное) отдельный номер на долгоиграющей пластинке (песня, музыкальное произведение) (профессионализм) грамзапись;
сеанс грамзаписи гравюра на дереве (доска или оттиск) (карточное) снятие (колоды) (кинематографический) монтажный кадр пролет моста стружка( станочная) (химическое) погон, фракция захват (с.-х. орудия) (железнодорожное) отцеп (вагона) (горное) выруб (электротехника) отключение нагрузки( австралийское) (новозеландское) отдельная часть стада (коров, овец) (австралийское) (новозеландское) (разговорное) телесное наказание( особ. в школе) (спортивное) удар мяча на правую сторону поля (крикет) ;
срезка мяча (теннис) > a * above намного лучше;
на целую ступень выше;
> to be a * above one's neighbour быть на целую голову выше соседа;
> a * and thrust пикировка, оживленный спор;
> the * of smb.'s jib внешний вид кого-л. разрезанный;
срезанный;
порезанный - * finger порезанный палец - * flowers срезанные цветы - * nails подрезанные ногти - * velvet( текстильное) бархат с разрезным ворсом скроенный шлифованный;
граненый - * sugar пиленый сахар сниженный, уменьшенный - * prices сниженные цены - * goods уцененные товары кастрированный (разговорное) подвыпивший (сленг) разведенный, разбавленный;
с примесями, нечистый > * and dried заранее подготовленный;
шаблонный, трафаретный резать, разрезать - to * smth. in two разрезать что-л. на две части - to * smth. in half разрезать что-л. пополам - to * smth. to pieces разрезать что-л. на куски - to * glass with a diamond резать стекло алмазом - this knife won't * этот нож не режет - to * around the defence( военное) сделать прорыв с обходом противника нанести резаную рану - I * my finger я порезал палец - I * myself я порезался - to * open рассекать - to * smb.'s head open раскроить кому-л. череп - the icy wind * me to the bone ледяной ветер пронизывал меня до мозга костей резаться - the butter was frozen hard and did not * easily масло сильно замерзло, и его трудно было резать - cheese *s easily сыр режется легко срезать, отрезать - to * flowers срезать цветы - I'll * away the dead leaves я обрежу завявшие листья - to * a piece of cake отрезать кусочек пирога нарезать - to * bread нарезать хлеб - to * meat резать мясо стричь, подстригать - to * a hedge подстригать (живую) изгородь - to * one's nails стричь ногти - to * one's hair подстригать волосы, стричься сокращать, снижать;
уменьшать - to * prices снижать цены - he * his sleep down to five hours он стал спать не более пяти часов сокращать путь, брать наперерез - we * across the field мы пошли напрямик через поле сокращать, урезывать;
делать купюру - to * a manuscript сократить рукопись - the soliloquies in "Hamlet" are long, so they are often * in the theatre в "Гамлете" монологи очень длинные, поэтому в театре их часто сокращают вырезать - to * one's initials on a tree вырезать свои инициалы на дереве кроить - to * a pattern сделать выкройку - to * a coat выкроить пальто - his coat is well * у него пальто хорошего покроя ударить;
причинить острую боль - he * the man across the face он ударил человеку по лицу - to * a horse with a whip стегать лошадь кнутом - how this rope *s! как режет эта веревка! огорчать, обижать;
ранить - what you say *s me terribly ваши слова меня ужасно огорчают - to * to the heart ранить в самое сердце;
задеть за живое пересекать, перекрещивать - the path *s the meadow diagonally тропинка пересекает луг по диагонали - the lines * one another линии пересекаются - this *s across all my principles это противоречит всем моим принципам;
это идет вразрез со всеми моими убеждениями перегрызать, прогрызать( разговорное) удирать, убегать - I must * я должен бежать - * away now, I am busy теперь беги, я занят - *! They are after you! беги! Они гоняться за тобой! резко изменить направление, побежать в другую сторону - * back вернуться - he * back home он побежал обратно домой( разговорное) переставать, прекращать - * the noise! перестаньте шуметь! - *! стоп!, довольно!, выключить камеру! (команда кинорежиссера при киносъемке) (американизм) лишать политической поддержки;
голосовать против, вычеркнуть кандидатуру (разговорное) не замечать, не узнавать, игнорировать - I took off my hat to her but she * me dead я поклонился ей, но она сделала вид, что не замечает меня (карточное) снимать - to * for deal снимать колоду для того, чтобы определить, кто должен сдавать - to * for partners снимать колоду, чтобы определить партнеров делать антраша выделяться, выступать слишком резко - colours that * цвета, которые режут глаз( новозеландское) (разговорное) кончать, заканчивать, докончить( техническое) обрабатывать режущим инструментом, снимать стружку (полиграфия) обрезать книжный блок( техническое) сверлить, бурить (строительство) тесать, стесывать (электротехника) отключать, отсоединять (радиотехника) отстраиваться (радиотехника) переключать с одной программы на другую (горное) подрубать, делать вруб( ветеринарное) засекаться косить (траву) ;
жать (хлеба) ;
убирать (урожай) - to * the hay косить сено - to * the corners обкашивать углы поля давать количество - one acre of good grass will * three tons of hay с одного акра хорошего луга можно накосить три тонны сена давать настриг - this breed *s heavy fleece эта порода дает хороший настриг валить, рубить - to * clear вырубать дочиста, сводить лес прорубать, прокладывать - to * a tunnel through a mountain прорубить туннель в горе - to * one's way продвигаться, пробираться;
прокладывать дорогу - the ships * their way slowly корабли медленно шли вперед - to * one's way through a crowd протискиваться через толпу рассекать, разрезать - ship *ting the waves корабль, рассекающий волны шлифовать, гранить (камни) высекать (из камня) - to * a figure in the stone высечь фигуру из камня - to * steps in a rock высечь ступени в скале - his features were finely * у него было точеное лицо резать;
вырезать резаться, прорезываться - the baby is *ting its teeth у ребенка прорезываются зубы (разговорное) разбавлять( спортивное) срезать (специальное) кастрировать (сленг) победить записать или записываться на пластинку или пленку - to * a record зпаисывать на пластинку;
записываться на пластинку > to * loose освобождать;
разойтись, чувствовать себя свободно;
> to * a boat loose отвязать лодку;
> to * oneself loose from one's family порвать с семьей;
> you just ought see him when he *s loose посмотрели бы вы на него, когда он разойдется;
> to * smb. short оборвать кого-л.;
> to * a speech short внезапно прервать выступление;
> to * a long story short короче говоря;
> to * a loss вовремя прекратить невыгодное дело;
> to * the record побить рекорд;
> to * faces гримасничать, делать гримасы;
> to * a dash иметь заметную внешность, выделяться;
бахвалиться, рисоваться;
> to * a swath( американизм) рисоваться, важничать;
> to * high shines( американизм) (сленг) совершить что-л. необыкновенное;
> to * the string( американизм) свободно действовать, не стесняться в поступках;
> to * the hair спорить о мелочах;
вдаваться в ненужные подробности;
> to * the mustard( американизм) подходить во всех отношениях;
> to * a sign (американизм) увидеть что-л., наткнуться на что-л.;
> to * both ways быть обоюдоострым;
> that *s both ways это обоюдоострый инструмент;
это палка о двух концах;
> to * one's teeth on smth. на чем-л. собаку съесть;
> to * one's wisdom-teeth стать благоразумным, приобрести жизненный опыт;
> to * one's eye (американизм) посмотреть косо, бросить косой взгляд;
> to * the bag open (американизм) проговориться, выдать сведения;
> to * and thrust пикироваться;
> to * and contrive жить по средствам, сводить концы с концами;
> to * and come again есть много, с аппетитом;
> to * it fine попасть в последнюю минуту;
рассчитать, сделать абсолютно точно;
оставить (себе) в обрез;
> he never misses his train in the morning, but he always *s it fine он никогда не опаздывает по утрам на поезд, но всегда поспевает в последнюю минуту;
> to * it too fat хватить через край;
перегнуть палку( редкое) жребий - to draw *s тянуть жребий across-the-board ~ фиксированный момент движения цен на фондовой бирже, затрагивающего все акции to be ~ out (for smth.) быть словно созданным (для чего-л.) ~ up подрывать( силы, здоровье) ;
причинять страдания;
be cut up мучиться, страдать corner ~ угловой срез cut абрис ~ бурить;
копать;
рыть ~ кино быстрая смена кадров ~ выпад ~ вырезать ~ вырезка (тж. из книги, статьи) ;
a cut from the joint вырезка, филей ~ высекать (из камня) ;
резать (по дереву) ;
тесать, стесывать;
шлифовать, гранить (драгоценные камни) ~ вычеркивать кандидатуру ~ голосовать против ~ гравюра на дереве (доска или оттиск) ~ канал;
выемка ~ кастрированный ~ кастрировать (животное) ~ контур ~ косить, жать;
убирать урожай ~ кратчайший путь (тж. a short cut) ~ кроить ~ лишать политической поддержки ~ кино монтаж;
rough cut предварительный монтаж ~ насмешка ~ оскорбление ~ отключать ~ отключение нагрузки ~ отрезанный, подрезанный, срезанный ~ отрезать ~ отрезок ~ вчт. отсечение ~ отсоединять ~ очертание ~ пересекать(ся) (о линиях, дорогах) ~ разг. переставать, прекращать ~ покрой ~ порезанный ~ прекращение (знакомства) ;
to give (smb.) the cut direct прекратить знакомство (с кем-л.) ~ прерывать знакомство (с кем-л.) ;
не кланяться, делать вид, что не замечаешь ( кого-л.) ;
to cut (smb.) dead совершенно игнорировать (кого-л.) ~ пропускать, не присутствовать;
to cut a lecture пропустить лекцию ~ профиль, сечение;
пролет (моста) ;
the cut of one's rig (или jib) разг. внешний вид человека ~ профиль ~ разбавленный ~ разведенный ~ разрез, порез;
рана;
зарубка, засечка ~ разрезанный ~ разрезать ~ резать;
срезать, отрезать, разрезать;
стричь;
to cut oneself порезаться;
cut loose отделять, освобождать;
to cut oneself loose from one's family порвать с семьей ~ резать ~ резаться, прорезываться (о зубах) ~ рубить, валить (лес) ~ скроенный ~ снижать (цены, налоги) ~ снижать ~ снижение (цен, количества) ~ снижение ~ сниженный, уменьшенный ~ сниженный ~ карт. снимать колоду;
to cut for partners выниманием карт определить партнеров;
cut at наносить удар( мечом, кнутом;
тж. перен.) ~ карт. снятие (колоды) ~ сокращать ~ сокращение ~ срезать ~ удар ~ разг. удирать ~ уменьшать ~ уменьшение ~ уменьшенный ~ урезывать;
сокращать (статью, книгу, продукцию, расходы) ~ урезывать ~ уцененный to ~ a feather уст. вдаваться в излишние тонкости to ~ a feather уст. разг. щеголять, красоваться, выставлять напоказ to ~ a joke отпустить, отколоть шутку ~ пропускать, не присутствовать;
to cut a lecture пропустить лекцию to ~ and come again есть с аппетитом;
to cut and run убегать, удирать ~ and dried (или dry) заранее подготовленный;
в законченном виде ~ and dried (или dry) трафаретный, тривиальный, банальный to ~ and come again есть с аппетитом;
to cut and run убегать, удирать ~ карт. снимать колоду;
to cut for partners выниманием карт определить партнеров;
cut at наносить удар (мечом, кнутом;
тж. перен.) ~ away срезать ~ away разг. убегать ~ back кино повторить данный ранее кадр (обычно в воспоминаниях и т. п.) to ~ both ways быть обоюдоострым ~ прерывать знакомство (с кем-л.) ;
не кланяться, делать вид, что не замечаешь (кого-л.) ;
to cut (smb.) dead совершенно игнорировать (кого-л.) ~ down выторговывать ~ down рубить (деревья) ~ down снижать ~ down сокращать (расходы, статью и т. п.) ~ down сокращать ~ down сокращать потребление ~ down (обыкн. pass.) сражать( о болезни, смерти) ~ карт. снимать колоду;
to cut for partners выниманием карт определить партнеров;
cut at наносить удар (мечом, кнутом;
тж. перен.) ~ вырезка (тж. из книги, статьи) ;
a cut from the joint вырезка, филей ~ here место разреза ~ in вклиниваться между машинами ~ in эл. включать ~ in включать ~ in вмешиваться ~ in вмешиваться ~ in предоставлять слово ~ in прерывать ~ in присоединять ~ in public investment сокращение государственных ассигнований ~ it out! разг. перестаньте!, бросьте! ~ резать;
срезать, отрезать, разрезать;
стричь;
to cut oneself порезаться;
cut loose отделять, освобождать;
to cut oneself loose from one's family порвать с семьей ~ профиль, сечение;
пролет (моста) ;
the cut of one's rig (или jib) разг. внешний вид человека ~ off выключать (электричество, воду, газ и т. п.) ~ off выключать ~ off кончать ~ off лишать наследства ~ off обрезать, отсекать;
прерывать;
operator, I have been cut off послушайте, станция, нас разъединили ~ off отрезать (отступление) ~ off отрезать ~ off отсекать ~ off перерезать ~ off прерывать ~ off приводить к концу ~ off приводить к ранней смерти ~ off разъединять ~ резать;
срезать, отрезать, разрезать;
стричь;
to cut oneself порезаться;
cut loose отделять, освобождать;
to cut oneself loose from one's family порвать с семьей ~ резать;
срезать, отрезать, разрезать;
стричь;
to cut oneself порезаться;
cut loose отделять, освобождать;
to cut oneself loose from one's family порвать с семьей ~ out эл. выключать ~ out выключаться ~ out вырабатывать ~ out вырезать;
кроить ~ out вырезать ~ out вытеснять ~ out вытеснять ~ out карт. выходить из игры ~ out готовить ~ out отключать ~ out отключаться ~ out мор. отрезать судно от берега ~ out оттеснять ~ out переставать делать ~ out планировать ~ out прекращать ~ over вырубать лес to ~ short прерывать, обрывать ~ the coat according to the cloth = по одежке протягивай ножки to ~ to pieces разбить наголову;
раскритиковать to ~ to the heart (или to the quick) задеть за живое, глубоко уязвить, глубоко задеть (чьи-л. чувства) ~ under продавать дешевле( конкурирующих фирм) ~ up подрывать (силы, здоровье) ;
причинять страдания;
be cut up мучиться, страдать ~ up разрубать, разрезать на куски ~ up раскритиковать to ~ up well оставить после своей смерти большое состояние;
to cut up rough негодовать, возмущаться to ~ up well оставить после своей смерти большое состояние;
to cut up rough негодовать, возмущаться economy ~ экономия expenditure ~ сокращение расходов ~ прекращение (знакомства) ;
to give (smb.) the cut direct прекратить знакомство (с кем-л.) ~ off обрезать, отсекать;
прерывать;
operator, I have been cut off послушайте, станция, нас разъединили ~ off обрезать, отсекать;
прерывать;
operator, I have been cut off послушайте, станция, нас разъединили operator: operator биржевой маклер ~ биржевой маклер или делец;
smooth( или slick) operator ловкий делец ~ владелец предприятия ~ амер. владелец предприятия или его управляющий;
big operators амер. крупные чиновники;
высокие должностные лица ~ механик ~ хир. оператор ~ вчт. оператор ~ оператор ~ оператор;
механик;
operator's position рабочее место ~ производитель работ ~ промышленник ~ спекулянт ~ станочник ~ телефонист;
телеграфист;
радист;
связист ~ то, что оказывает действие ~ фабрикант overall ~ всеобщее сокращение price ~ снижение цены ~ кино монтаж;
rough cut предварительный монтаж salary ~ уменьшение зарплаты short ~ сокращенный short: ~ cut кратчайшее расстояние;
to take (или to make) a short cut избрать кратчайший путь ~ cut наименьшая затрата времени shortcut: shortcut = short cut wage ~ снижение заработной платы wage ~ снижение зарплаты

Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > cut
18 scrub

I [skrʌb]
nome

1) (clean)

to give sth. a (good) scrub — dare una bella pulita a qcs

2) bot. sterpaglia f., macchia f.

3) cosmet. peeling m.
II 1. [skrʌb]
verbo transitivo (forma in -ing ecc. - bb-)

1) (clean) sfregare, pulire fregando [floor, object, back]; lavare bene [mussel, vegetable]

to scrub one's nails — pulirsi le unghie

2) colloq. (scrap) mandare a monte, annullare [ meeting]; scartare, lasciare perdere [ idea]
2.
verbo intransitivo (forma in -ing ecc. - bb-) pulire fregando, sfregare
3.
verbo riflessivo (forma in -ing ecc. - bb-)

to scrub oneself — sfregarsi

- scrub down

- scrub off

- scrub out

- scrub up

* * *
1. past tense, past participle - scrubbed; verb
1) (to rub hard in order to clean: She's scrubbing the floor.) lavare (fregando)

2) (to remove by scrubbing: She scrubbed the mess off the carpet.) pulire (strofinando)

3) (to cancel: We planned to go but had to scrub the idea.) annullare, disdire
2. noun
(an act of scrubbing.) strofinata

- scrubbing-brush

* * *
I [skrʌb] n
(brushwood) macchia
II [skrʌb]
1. n

(clean) strofinata

2. vt

1) (clean) strofinare con lo spazzolone, (hands etc) pulire con lo spazzolino

to scrub sth clean — pulire qc strofinandolo (-a)

2) (fam: cancel) annullare, (holiday, plan) cancellare

•

- scrub down

- scrub off

- scrub up

* * *
scrub (1) /skrʌb/
n.

1 [u] sterpaglia; boscaglia; macchia

2 (anche pl.) terreno coperto da boscaglia; terreno a macchia; sterpeto

3 arbusto atrofico; pianta stentata

4 ( USA) animale domestico più piccolo del normale o di razza inferiore

5 (fam.) individuo piccolo o insignificante; tappetto; omuncolo

6 (fam.) individuo spregevole

7 (fam. USA) giocatore (spec. di baseball) di squadra secondaria

8 [u] ( sport USA) ‘scrub’ ( tipo di baseball in versione ridotta giocato dai bambini)

● (bot.) scrub pine, pino nano □ ( sport, spec. USA) scrub team, squadretta; squadra di ripiego.
scrub (2) /skrʌb/
n.

1 lavata; strofinata; ripulita: He gave his face a good scrub, si diede una bella lavata alla faccia

2 ( cosmesi) crema esfoliante

3 uomo (o donna) di fatica

4 (ind. chim.) lavaggio ( di un gas)

5 (naut.) frettazzo, frettazza

6 (pl.) (chir.) divisa chirurgica

● ( USA) scrub brush, spazzola dura; spazzolone; (naut.) frettazza □ (chir.) scrub gown, camice chirurgico □ (chir.) scrub nurse, infermiera (o infermiere) strumentista □ (tecn.) scrub plane, pialletto sgrossatore □ (chir., USA) scrub suit, divisa chirurgica ( camiciotto e calzoni) □ (chir.) scrub-up, lavaggio antisettico ( prima di un intervento).
(to) scrub /skrʌb/
A v. t.

1 pulire strofinando; lavare sfregando; sfregare; strofinare; (naut.) frettare: to scrub a saucepan clean, strofinare una pentola finché non è pulita; pulire una pentola strofinandola

2 (ind. chim.) lavare ( un gas)

3 (fam.) annullare; disdire; interrompere; cancellare; mandare a monte: to scrub a party, annullare un party; to scrub the countdown, interrompere il conteggio alla rovescia

4 (tecn.) sgrossare

5 (ind. min.) sfangare

B v. i.

lavare pavimenti; fare lavori di fatica.

* * *
I [skrʌb]
nome

1) (clean)

to give sth. a (good) scrub — dare una bella pulita a qcs

2) bot. sterpaglia f., macchia f.

3) cosmet. peeling m.
II 1. [skrʌb]
verbo transitivo (forma in -ing ecc. - bb-)

1) (clean) sfregare, pulire fregando [floor, object, back]; lavare bene [mussel, vegetable]

to scrub one's nails — pulirsi le unghie

2) colloq. (scrap) mandare a monte, annullare [ meeting]; scartare, lasciare perdere [ idea]
2.
verbo intransitivo (forma in -ing ecc. - bb-) pulire fregando, sfregare
3.
verbo riflessivo (forma in -ing ecc. - bb-)

to scrub oneself — sfregarsi

- scrub down

- scrub off

- scrub out

- scrub up

English-Italian dictionary > scrub
19 fix

fiks
1. verb
1) (to make firm or steady: He fixed the post firmly in the ground; He fixed his eyes on the door.) fijar, clavar

2) (to attach; to join: He fixed the shelf to the wall.) fijar, clavar

3) (to mend or repair: He has succeeded in fixing my watch.) arreglar

4) (to direct (attention, a look etc) at: She fixed all her attention on me.) fijar, clavar, poner

5) ((often with up) to arrange; to settle: to fix a price; We fixed (up) a meeting.) fijar

6) (to make (something) permanent by the use of certain chemicals: to fix a photgraphic print.) fijar

7) (to prepare; to get ready: I'll fix dinner tonight.) arreglar, organizar

2. noun
(trouble; a difficulty: I'm in a terrible fix!) apuro, aprieto

- fixation
- fixed
- fixedly
- fixture
- fix on
- fix someone up with something
- fix up with something
- fix someone up with
- fix up with

fix vb

1. sujetar / fijar

he fixed the cupboard to the wall sujetó el armario a la pared

2. arreglar / reparar

the plumber has come to fix the tap ha venido el fontanero para arreglar el grifo

3. decidir / fijar

have you fixed a price for the house? ¿habéis fijado el precio de la casa?

fix

tr[fɪks]

noun

1 familiar (difficult situation) apuro, aprieto

■ I'm in a real fix estoy en un apuro

2 (position of ship, aircraft) posición nombre femenino

3 (dishonest arrangement) tongo

■ it's a fix! ¡hay tongo!

4 slang (of drugs) dosis nombre femenino, chute nombre masculino, pico

transitive verb

1 (fasten) fijar, sujetar

■ could you fix this sign on the door? ¿podrías sujetar este letrero en la puerta?

2 figurative use (stick) fijar, grabar

■ I fixed the name in my mind me grabé el nombre en la cabeza

3 (direct - eyes, attention) fijar, clavar, poner

■ his eyes were fixed on the scoreboard tenía los ojos clavados en el marcador

4 (decide) decidir; (date, meeting, etc) fijar

■ we just need to fix the time of the next meeting sólo nos falta fijar la hora de la próxima reunión

■ let's fix a price fijemos un precio

5 (organize) arreglar, organizar

■ do you want me to fix you a date? ¿quieres que te arregle una cita?

■ I'll fix it ya lo arreglaré

6 (dishonestly) amañar

■ the game was fixed el partido estaba amañado

7 (repair) arreglar

■ can you fix this tap? ¿puedes arreglar este grifo?

8 SMALLAMERICAN ENGLISH/SMALL (prepare) preparar

■ let me fix you a sandwich te preparo un bocadillo

9 (tidy) arreglar

■ I'll just fix my hair me arreglaré el pelo

10 (photo) fijar

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

to fix the blame on somebody echarle la culpa a alguien

fix ['fɪks] vt

1) attach, secure: sujetar, asegurar, fijar

2) establish: fijar, concretar, establecer

3) repair: arreglar, reparar

4) prepare: preparar

to fix dinner: preparar la cena

5) : arreglar, amañar

to fix a race: arreglar una carrera

6) rivet: fijar (los ojos, la mirada, etc.)

fix n

1) predicament: aprieto m, apuro m

2) : posición f

to get a fix on: establecer la posición de

fix

v.

• arreglar v.

• fijar v.

• reparar v.

I
1. fɪks
1) transitive verb

Sense I

2)

a) ( secure) \<\<plank/shelf\>\> sujetar, asegurar

to fix a notice on a door — poner* un anuncio en una puerta

to fix something TO something — sujetar algo a algo

b) ( implant)

to fix something in one's memory — grabar algo en la memoria

3)

a) ( direct steadily)

his eyes were fixed on the road ahead — tenía la mirada fija en la carretera

b) ( look at)

he fixed her with a stony gaze — clavó en ella una mirada glacial

Sense II

4)

a) ( establish) \<\<date/time/price\>\> fijar; \<\<details\>\> concretar

b) ( organize) arreglar

how are you fixed for next weekend? — ¿qué planes tienes para el fin de semana?

5) ( repair) (colloq) \<\<car/clock/kettle\>\> arreglar

6) (esp AmE)

a) ( prepare) (colloq) preparar

b) ( make presentable)

to fix one's hair/face — arreglarse el pelo/pintarse

7) (colloq) \<\<election/contest\>\> amañar (fam), arreglar (fam)

2.

vi (make plans, intend) (AmE)

we're fixing to go fishing on Sunday — estamos planeando ir de pesca el domingo

we've fixed to meet them at one — hemos quedado (en encontrarnos) con ellos a la una

Phrasal Verbs:

- fix on

- fix up

- fix upon

II

noun

1) ( predicament) (colloq) aprieto m, apuro m

2) ( of drug) (sl) dosis f; ( shot) pinchazo m

3) (Aviat, Naut) posición f

to get a fix on something — \<\<sailor/airman\>\> establecer* la posición de algo

[fɪks]
1. VT

1) (=position) fijar, asegurar

to fix sth in place — fijar or asegurar algo en su sitio

to fix a stake in the ground — clavar or fijar una estaca en el suelo

2) (=attach)

a) (with nails) clavar; (with string) atar, amarrar; (with glue) pegar

to fix sth to sth: fix the mirror to the wall — fije el espejo a la pared

I fixed the hose to the tap — ajusté la manguera al grifo

the phone is fixed to the wall — el teléfono está colgado de la pared

the chairs and desks are fixed to the floor — las sillas y mesas están sujetas or atornilladas al suelo

they fixed the two pieces of bone together with a metal plate — unieron los dos trozos de hueso con una placa de metal

b) [+ bayonet] calar

with fixed bayonets — con bayonetas caladas

3) (fig) (=set firmly)

to fix sth in one's memory/mind — grabar algo en la memoria/la mente

the image of her was now firmly fixed in his mind — su imagen estaba ahora firmemente grabada en su mente

4) (=lay)

to fix the blame on sb — echar la culpa a algn

5) (=arrange, settle) [+ date, time] fijar; [+ meeting] fijar, convenir

we must fix a date to have lunch — tenemos que fijar un día para quedar a comer

nothing's been fixed yet — todavía no se ha decidido or acordado nada

I've fixed it for you to meet her — lo he arreglado para que la conozcas

how are you fixed for this evening? — ¿tienes planes para esta noche?

how are we fixed for money? — ¿qué tal andamos de dinero?

how are we fixed for time? — ¿cómo vamos de tiempo?

6) (=set)

a) (honestly) [+ price, rate] fijar

b) (=rig) [+ fight, race, election] amañar; [+ price] fijar

they're in a dispute over price fixing — tienen una disputa por la fijación de los precios

7) (=rivet) [+ eyes, gaze] fijar, clavar; [+ attention] fijar

she fixed her eyes on him — le clavó los ojos, fijó la mirada en él

he fixed his gaze on the horizon — miró fijamente al horizonte

she fixed him with an angry glare — lo miró fijamente con indignación

she had fixed all her hopes on passing the exam — tenía todas sus esperanzas puestas en aprobar el examen

8) (=repair) [+ car, appliance] arreglar, reparar

to get or have sth fixed — arreglar or reparar algo

I've got to get my car fixed this week — tengo que arreglar or reparar el coche esta semana, tengo que llevar el coche a arreglar or reparar esta semana

I should have my teeth fixed — tendría que arreglarme los dientes

9) (=solve) [+ problem] solucionar

10) * (=deal with) encargarse de *; (=kill) cargarse a *

I'll soon fix him! — ¡ya me encargo yo de él! *, ¡ya le ajustaré las cuentas! *

11) (=prepare) [+ meal, drink] preparar

I fixed myself a coffee — me preparé un café

12) (esp US) (=tidy up) [+ hair, makeup] arreglar

to fix one's hair — arreglarse el pelo

13) (=make permanent) [+ film, colour, dye] fijar

14) * (=neuter) [+ animal] operar

2. VI
(US)
1) (=intend) tener intención de

I'm fixing to go to graduate school — tengo intención de or tengo pensado hacer estudios de postgraduado

2) (=arrange)

we had already fixed to go to the theatre — ya habíamos quedado para ir al teatro

3. N

1) * (=predicament) apuro m, aprieto m

to be in/get into a fix — estar/meterse en un apuro or un aprieto

2) * [of drug] (gen) dosis f inv ; (when injected) pinchazo * m, chute m (Sp) **

to give o.s. a fix — pincharse *, chutarse (Sp) **

she needs her daily fix of publicity — necesita su dosis diaria de publicidad

3) (Aer, Naut) posición f

to get a fix on sth — (lit) establecer la posición de algo, localizar algo

it's been hard to get a fix on what's going on — (fig) ha sido difícil entender lo que pasa

4) * (=set-up) tongo * m

the fight/result was a fix — hubo tongo en la pelea/el resultado *

5) * (=solution) arreglo m, apaño * m

there is no quick-fix solution to this problem — no existe un arreglo or apaño * rápido para este problema

- fix on

- fix up

* * *

I
1. [fɪks]
1) transitive verb

Sense I

2)

a) ( secure) \<\<plank/shelf\>\> sujetar, asegurar

to fix a notice on a door — poner* un anuncio en una puerta

to fix something TO something — sujetar algo a algo

b) ( implant)

to fix something in one's memory — grabar algo en la memoria

3)

a) ( direct steadily)

his eyes were fixed on the road ahead — tenía la mirada fija en la carretera

b) ( look at)

he fixed her with a stony gaze — clavó en ella una mirada glacial

Sense II

4)

a) ( establish) \<\<date/time/price\>\> fijar; \<\<details\>\> concretar

b) ( organize) arreglar

how are you fixed for next weekend? — ¿qué planes tienes para el fin de semana?

5) ( repair) (colloq) \<\<car/clock/kettle\>\> arreglar

6) (esp AmE)

a) ( prepare) (colloq) preparar

b) ( make presentable)

to fix one's hair/face — arreglarse el pelo/pintarse

7) (colloq) \<\<election/contest\>\> amañar (fam), arreglar (fam)

2.

vi (make plans, intend) (AmE)

we're fixing to go fishing on Sunday — estamos planeando ir de pesca el domingo

we've fixed to meet them at one — hemos quedado (en encontrarnos) con ellos a la una

Phrasal Verbs:

- fix on

- fix up

- fix upon

II

noun

1) ( predicament) (colloq) aprieto m, apuro m

2) ( of drug) (sl) dosis f; ( shot) pinchazo m

3) (Aviat, Naut) posición f

to get a fix on something — \<\<sailor/airman\>\> establecer* la posición de algo

English-spanish dictionary > fix
20 habit

noun

1) (set practice) Gewohnheit, die

good/bad habit — gute/schlechte [An]gewohnheit

the habit of smoking — das [gewohnheitsmäßige] Rauchen

have a or the habit of doing something — die Angewohnheit haben, etwas zu tun

out of habit, from [force of] habit — aus Gewohnheit

old habits die hard — der Mensch ist ein Gewohnheitstier (ugs.)

be in the habit of doing something — die Gewohnheit haben, etwas zu tun

not be in the habit of doing something — es nicht gewohnt sein, etwas zu tun

get or fall into a or the habit of doing something — [es] sich (Dat.) angewöhnen, etwas zu tun

get or fall into — or (coll.)

pick up bad habits — schlechte [An]gewohnheiten annehmen

get out of the habit of doing something — [es] sich (Dat.) abgewöhnen, etwas zu tun

2) (coll.) (addiction) Süchtigkeit, die; [Drogen]abhängigkeit, die

3) (dress) Habit, der od. das

* * *
['hæbit]
noun

1) (something which a person does usually or regularly: the habit of going for a walk before bed; an irritating habit of interrupting.) die Gewohnheit

2) (a tendency to do the same things that one has always done: I did it out of habit.) die Gewohnheit

3) (clothes: a monk's habit.) die Kleidung

•

- academic.ru/33084/habitual">habitual
- habitually
- from force of habit
- get someone into
- get into
- out of the habit of
* * *

hab·it

[ˈhæbɪt]

I. n

1. (repeated action) Gewohnheit f

▪ to be in the \habit of doing sth die Angewohnheit haben, etw zu tun

I'm really not in the \habit of looking at other people's clothes für gewöhnlich achte ich nicht auf die Kleidung anderer Leute

on holidays I'm in the \habit of rising late im Urlaub pflege ich erst spät aufzustehen

▪ to do sth out of [or from] \habit etw aus Gewohnheit tun

▪ to have a [or the] \habit of doing sth die Angewohnheit haben, etw zu tun

from force of \habit aus [reiner] Gewohnheit

to do sth by sheer force of \habit etw aus reiner Gewohnheit tun

\habit of mind Denkweise f

a bad/good \habit eine schlechte/gute [An]gewohnheit

to break a \habit sich dat etw abgewöhnen

to get into/out of the \habit of sth sich dat etw angewöhnen/abgewöhnen, eine Gewohnheit annehmen/ablegen

to make a \habit of sth etw zur Gewohnheit werden lassen, sich dat etw zur Gewohnheit machen

don't make a \habit of smoking! fangen Sie bloß nicht das Rauchen an!

to pick up a \habit eine Gewohnheit annehmen f

2. ( fam: drug addiction) Sucht f, Abhängigkeit f

to have a heroin \habit heroinsüchtig sein

3. (special clothing) REL Habit m o nt, Ornat m; SPORT

riding \habit Reitkleidung f

4. PSYCH Habit nt o m

5.

▶ old \habits die hard ( prov) der Mensch ist ein Gewohnheitstier prov

II. vt ( form)

▪ to \habit sb jdn kleiden

* * *
['hbɪt]
n

1) Gewohnheit f; (esp undesirable) (An)gewohnheit f

habit of mind — Denkweise f

to be in the habit of doing sth — die Angewohnheit haben, etw zu tun, etw gewöhnlich tun

... as was his habit —... wie es seine Gewohnheit war

it became a habit — es wurde zur Gewohnheit

out of (sheer) habit — aus (reiner) Gewohnheit, (rein) gewohnheitsmäßig

his life was ruled by habit — sein Leben war von seinen Gewohnheiten bestimmt

from (force of) habit — aus Gewohnheit

she was a creature of habit — sie war ein Gewohnheitstier (inf) or Gewohnheitsmensch

I don't make a habit of inviting strangers in — (für) gewöhnlich bitte ich Fremde nicht herein

don't make a habit of it — lassen Sie (sich dat ) das nicht zur Gewohnheit werden

to get into/to get sb into the habit of doing sth — sich/jdm angewöhnen, etw zu tun

to get or fall into bad habits — in schlechte Gewohnheiten verfallen

to get out of/to get sb out of the habit of doing sth —

you must get out of the habit of biting your nails — du musst dir das Nägelkauen abgewöhnen

to have a habit of doing sth — die Angewohnheit haben, etw zu tun

he has a strange habit of staring at you — er hat die merkwürdige Art, einen anzustarren

history has a habit of repeating itself — es kommt oft vor, dass die Geschichte sich wiederholt

2) (= addiction) Sucht f

to have a cocaine habit — kokainsüchtig sein

3) (= costume) Gewand nt; (esp monk's) Habit nt or m

(riding) habit — Reitkleid nt

* * *

habit [ˈhæbıt] s

1. (An)Gewohnheit f:

habits of life Lebensgewohnheiten;

out of ( oder by, from) habit aus Gewohnheit, gewohnheitsmäßig;

act from force of habit der Macht der Gewohnheit nachgeben;

be in the ( oder have a) habit of doing sth etwas zu tun pflegen; die (An)Gewohnheit haben, etwas zu tun;

it is his habit to go for a walk after breakfast er hat die Angewohnheit, nach dem Frühstück einen Spaziergang zu machen;

it is the habit with him es ist bei ihm so üblich;

become a habit with sb jemandem zur Gewohnheit werden;

break o.s. (sb) of a habit sich (jemandem) etwas abgewöhnen;

make a habit of sth, make sth (into) a habit sich etwas zur Gewohnheit machen;

make it a habit to do sth, make a habit of doing sth es sich zur Regel machen, etwas zu tun; → creature 1, fall into 2 b, fall out of, get into A 4, get out of A 3

2. oft habit of mind Geistesverfassung f

3. (besonders Drogen) Sucht f, (Zustand auch) (-)Süchtigkeit f:

drink has become a habit with him er kommt vom Alkohol nicht mehr los

4. PSYCH Habit n, auch m (Erlerntes, Erworbenes)

5. BOT Habitus m, Wachstumsart f

6. ZOOL Lebensweise f

7. (Amts-, Berufs-, besonders Ordens) Kleidung f, Tracht f, Habit m, auch n: → riding B 1

* * *

noun

1) (set practice) Gewohnheit, die

good/bad habit — gute/schlechte [An]gewohnheit

the habit of smoking — das [gewohnheitsmäßige] Rauchen

have a or the habit of doing something — die Angewohnheit haben, etwas zu tun

out of habit, from [force of] habit — aus Gewohnheit

old habits die hard — der Mensch ist ein Gewohnheitstier (ugs.)

be in the habit of doing something — die Gewohnheit haben, etwas zu tun

not be in the habit of doing something — es nicht gewohnt sein, etwas zu tun

get or fall into a or the habit of doing something — [es] sich (Dat.) angewöhnen, etwas zu tun

get or fall into — or (coll.)

pick up bad habits — schlechte [An]gewohnheiten annehmen

get out of the habit of doing something — [es] sich (Dat.) abgewöhnen, etwas zu tun

2) (coll.) (addiction) Süchtigkeit, die; [Drogen]abhängigkeit, die

3) (dress) Habit, der od. das

* * *

n.

Angewohnheit f.

Gepflogenheit f.

Gewohnheit f.

English-german dictionary > habit

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hard as nails — {adj. phr.}, {informal} 1. Not flabby or soft; physically very fit; tough and strong. * /After a summer of work in the country, Jack was as hard as nails, without a pound of extra weight./ 2. Not gentle or mild; rough; stern. * /Johnny works for… … Dictionary of American idioms
be as hard as nails — to have no feelings or sympathy for other people. She ll be good in business she s as hard as nails … New idioms dictionary
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hard — hard1 [ hard ] adjective *** ▸ 1 firm & not easy to break ▸ 2 difficult to do ▸ 3 full of problems ▸ 4 strong & not frightened ▸ 5 unkind/cruel ▸ 6 with much physical force ▸ 7 about water ▸ 8 winter/frost: severe ▸ 9 facts, etc.: can be proved ▸ … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English
hard — 1 adjective FIRM TO TOUCH 1 firm and stiff, and difficult to press down, break, or cut: Diamond is the hardest substance known to man. | The plums are much too hard to be eaten now. | The chairs in the waiting room felt hard and uncomfortable.… … Longman dictionary of contemporary English
hard */*/*/ — I UK [hɑː(r)d] / US [hɑrd] adjective Word forms hard : adjective hard comparative harder superlative hardest 1) stiff, firm, and not easy to bend or break hard wooden benches The plastic was chosen because it is very hard and durable. 2) a)… … English dictionary
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Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

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she is (as) hard as nails

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Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

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she is (as) hard as nails

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